LOCAL APPLICATION OF THE TECHNIQUE AUTOPOIETIC COMMUNITIES 19

LOCAL APPLICATION OF THE TECHNIQUE

Technique: AUTOPOIETIC COMMUNITIES Local name: Matera and Murge Plateau Site: Matera and Murge Plateau Location Click the globe to see the techinique on Google Map Continent: Europe Country: Italy Site: Matera and Murge Plateau Coordinates: Lat: 40.66 Long: 16.60 Description of the local variant of the technique The inhabited Karst zones of Lucania and in particular the city of Matera, arise at the edge of deep valleys, the canyons, from the sporadic water flow or nothing. The sediments are deposited at the top of the plateau or along its steep slopes. These cities are the synthesis of the organization of space created through the succession of the different socio-cultural groups that inhabited those places. The hunter-gatherers left traces of their presence in the natural caverns that open up in the hardest rock of the canyons; in Neolithic times the limestone plateau was populated through the dissemination of the many villages surrounded by moats; farmers in the Metal Age were not in conflict with the previous Neolithic diffusion because they occupied the slope. The physical synthesis of different cultures and the three geographical environments is realized like this: ground, slope, and caves. The stones of Matera are the most complex example of a local combination of different principles of production of water, urban plot for the management of resources, and an integrated and autopoietic ecosystem. The excavation of caves drains the slope and the interior of the rock, making a cavity and creating a usable water reserve for the inhabitants and the cultivated terrace. With the same materials of the excavation homes are built, prolonging the perimeter caves of each terrace and creating protected courtyards. Here rainwater captured on rooftops is collected in wells, in order to have sloping aquifers inside rather than outside of the walls, where the community life of the neighborhood takes place. The tombs, constantly at 15 degrees Celsius above zero, provide warm during winter and cool in summer. The plots of narrow streets and stairways is functional to the channeling of the rainwater for cultivation of terraces, with urban growth, are saturated with homes or are transformed into hanging gardens. Survival prospects 20% Preserved and functional (technique at risk) Images Deepening TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE DATA Technique AUTOPOIETIC COMMUNITIES Icon Cathegory G - Social organization, art and spirituality Identification code G14 Other Local applications of the technique RELATED TECHNIQUES F5 ARCHITECTURE FOR PROTECTING FROM EXTREME CLIMATES B9a DEVICES FOR THE CREATION OF HUMUS C1 DIVERSION SYSTEMS ON A LARGE SCALE AND USE OF FLOODS B7a DOMESTICATION AND DISSEMINATION OF PALM TREE C12 EXCAVATION AND DRAINAGE SYSTEMS E7c EXTRAORDINARY FEATURES OF DWELLING ARCHITECTURE G9 FORMS OF SOCIAL SOLIDARITY B6b GARDENS IN CRATERS B8 HORTICULTURE COMBINED WITH HIGH-TRUNK PLANTS B9g INTEGRATED CYCLE OF ORGANIC WASTE G8 KNOWLEDGE PASSED ON DOWN THE GENERATIONS E8e RAW CLAY STRUCTURES F6c SYSTEMS OF HOUSEHOLD WASTE MANAGEMENT E8m TOWER HOUSE E8 TRADITIONAL ARCHITECTURE FOR SETTLEMENTS E8c TRADITIONAL TECHNOLOGIES AND USE OF LOCAL MATERIAL F7 URBAN LAYOUT FOR RESOURCES MANAGEMENT B6 VEGETABLE GARDENS G13 WATER CORPORATION AND HYDRAULIC LAW C2 WATER HARVESTING IN POOLS AND CISTERNS B10f WATER INTAKES AND CHANNELS Author: IPOGEA, www.ipogea.org Other authors: Reference: