View source for SUCCESS STORY WATER HARVESTING IN POOLS AND CISTERNS 7

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<!--  <h1 style="font-size: 16px; color: #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 0; font-weight: bold">WATER HARVESTING IN POOLS AND CISTERNS  - The restoration of ancient techniques for catching and holding water</h1>-->
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		          <td><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/C2.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /></td>
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				           <td><font style="font-size: 16px;">Technique:</font></td>
				           <td style="padding-left:10px;"><font style="font-size: 20px;">WATER HARVESTING IN POOLS AND CISTERNS </font></td>
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				           <td><font style="font-size: 16px; padding-left:24px;">Project:</font></td>
				           <td style="padding-left:10px;"><font style="font-size: 20px;">The restoration of ancient techniques for catching and holding water</font></td>
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				           <td><font style="font-size: 16px; padding-left:45px;">Site:</font></td>
				           <td style="padding-left:10px;"><font style="font-size: 20px;">Lalibela, ETHIOPIA</font></td>
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            <h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Location</h2>
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                 <p align="center">Click the globe to see the technique on Google Map</p>
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                <td><b>Continent:</b> Africa
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                <b>Country:</b> Ethiopia
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                <b>Site:</b> Lalibela
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                <b>Coordinates:</b>
                <br>Lat.: 
                12.03
                <br>Long.: 
                39.04</td>
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            <h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Brief introduction</h2>
            <p style="text-align: justify;">Lalibela is one of the most remarkable hypogean monuments in the world. It is universally&nbsp;celebrated for its highly decorated monolithic churches hewn out of basaltic rock. The most&nbsp;imposing monuments date from twelfth and thirteenth centuries, when King Lalibela, from&nbsp;whom the city takes its name, called for it to be hewn out of the rock in the image of a Celestial&nbsp;Jerusalem.&nbsp;As it was hitherto unclear how such vast hypogean systems could be made in such a short&nbsp;period of time, religious tradition came to attribute the feat to divine intervention.&nbsp;In the framework of a joint UNESCO, UNCCD and WMF project, Ipogea undertook a comparative&nbsp;study of rock-hewn building types and an analysis of water catchment and drainage systems,&nbsp;and reconstructed the long-term history of the city of Lalibela from the remote troglodyte past&nbsp;through the hypogean period to the Axumite and the medieval, in which most building&nbsp;consisted of reworking earlier structures</p>

            <h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Problems, causes and effects</h2>
            <p style="text-align: justify;">The monuments of Lalibela are in danger because the work of draining, channeling and&nbsp;otherwise protecting them from water, has ceased over time. The churches exist together with&nbsp;their overall ecosystem; if the latter is not protected, they run the risk of vanishing forever.</p>

            <h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Solutions/Project description</h2>
            <p style="text-align: justify;">The erosion of these monuments has been contrasted using traditional methods, first of all by&nbsp;identifying and cleaning an ancient trench that had been abandoned and blocked by tons ofebris. Restoration work therefore has not been limited to the twelfth- and thirteenth-century&nbsp;monuments on the UNESCO World Heritage List: the excavations aimed at restoring the old&nbsp;water system have also served to drain excess water and to turn it to irrigation. This water is&nbsp;collected in the trench and stored in an open cistern built in a spot where traces of old walls&nbsp;have been found. Here the present inhabitants of the village, which is intermixed with the&nbsp;ancient ruins, have returned to draw the water they need, as they had done centuries ago.&nbsp;This trench was cleaned by Ipogea under the UNESCO project because it was filled with debris&nbsp;and appeared to have no drainage capacity. Once the cleanup was completed, it became clear&nbsp;that the trench was inclined to the north, permitting the water to drain into the main waterway,&nbsp;called the River Joerdan. Today local people can fetch the water collected in the western trench.&nbsp;The UNESCO project yielded significant results. These actions should be extended to all the&nbsp;drainage trenches and tunnels</p>

            <h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Conclusions</h2>
            <p style="text-align: justify;">The monuments of Lalibela are just the visible part of a complex architectural and&nbsp;environmental system to which they are closely connected. The network of trenches and&nbsp;channels for conveying water, and the sunken courts where the churches of Lalibela are found,&nbsp;constitute a whole that, only if confronted in its totality, will enable one to respond to the&nbsp;factors that are causing its deterioration.</p>

            <h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Images</h2>
            <p><img alt="" src="https://tkwb.org/libs/kcfinder/upload/images/ETIOPIA_1.jpg" style="width: 600px; height: 661px;" /><img alt="" src="https://tkwb.org/libs/kcfinder/upload/images/ETIOPIA_2.jpg" style="width: 600px; height: 737px;" /></p>

            <h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Deepening</h2>
            
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          <td align="center" valign="top"><h3>TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE DATA</h3>
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              <td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_WATER_HARVESTING_IN_POOLS_AND_CISTERNS">WATER HARVESTING IN POOLS AND CISTERNS </a></td>
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              <td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=C_Water_management"  >C - Water management</a></td>
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              <td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td>
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              <td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">C2</td>
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              <td><a href="/index.php?title=WATER_HARVESTING_IN_POOLS_AND_CISTERNS_SUCCESS_STORY"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color:  #D9D3EB; float: left; margin-right: 5px;">

              </div></a><a href="/index.php?title=WATER_HARVESTING_IN_POOLS_AND_CISTERNS_SUCCESS_STORY">Other Success stories</a></td>
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              <td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td>
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              <td> <div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left;  line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">E2d</div><a href="/index.php/GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_MONOLITHIC_HYPOGEA"> <img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/E2d.jpg" width="100" height="100" />MONOLITHIC HYPOGEA </a></div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left;  line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">E2e</div><a href="/index.php/GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_PIT_HYPOGEA_AND_ROCKY_WALL_HYPOGEA"> <img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/E2e.jpg" width="100" height="100" />PIT HYPOGEA AND ROCKY WALL HYPOGEA </a></div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left;  line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C2</div><a href="/index.php/GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_WATER_HARVESTING_IN_POOLS_AND_CISTERNS"> <img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/C2.jpg" width="100" height="100" />WATER HARVESTING IN POOLS AND CISTERNS  </a></div> </td>
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         	  <td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top; width:40%">Author:</td>
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	              <tr><td>IPOGEA, www.ipogea.org</td>
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            	<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Other authors:</td>
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              <td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Reference:</td>
              <td>http://www.ipogea.org/site2/index.php/en/attivita-e-progetti/unesco-wmf

http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/18</td>
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              <td><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/ITKI.jpg" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="ITKI" /><img src="/initcp/img/logo.png" height="60"  style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="TKWB" /><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/sitti.jpg" height="60" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="SITTI" /></td>
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