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TKWB - Traditional Knowledge World Bank - User contributions [en-gb]
2026-04-28T11:31:26Z
User contributions
MediaWiki 1.39.3
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=D_Soil_and_environment_protection&diff=10602
D Soil and environment protection
2024-05-22T19:21:13Z
<p>Admintkwb: </p>
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<div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"> <div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">D1</div>[[Image:D1.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_DIKES_AND_WODDEN_OSTACLES]]DIKES AND WODDEN OSTACLES</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"> <div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">D2</div>[[Image:D2.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_GARDEN_THERESHING_FLOORS]]GARDEN THRESHING FLOORS</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"> <div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">D3</div>[[Image:D3.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_PLOUGHING_AND_WATER_SPRINKLING]]PLOUGHING AND WATER SPRINKLING</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"> <div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">D4</div>[[Image:D4.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_LAND_FIXED_BY_FARMING]]LAND FIXED BY FARMING</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"> <div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">D5</div>[[Image:D5.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_PLANT_SPECIES_TO_COMBAT_EROSION]]PLANT SPECIES TO COMBAT EROSION</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"> <div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">D6</div>[[Image:D6.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_MANURE_SCATTERING_FOR_PROTECTION_AND_AGAINST_EVAPORATION]]MANURE SCATTERING FOR PROTECTION AND AGAINST EVAPORATION</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"> <div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">D7</div>[[Image:D7.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_OBSTACLES_TO_REDUCE_THE_WIND_AND_DEVIATE_THE_SAND]]OBSTACLES TO REDUCE THE WIND AND DEVIATE THE SAND</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"> <div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">D8</div>[[Image:D8.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_IMPROVEMENT_OF_THE_COMPOSITION_OF_HEAVY_SOIL]]IMPROVEMENT OF THE COMPOSITION OF HEAVY SOIL</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"> <div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">D9</div>[[Image:D9.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_DECREASE_OF_STREAMS]]DECREASE OF STREAMS</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"> <div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">D10</div>[[Image:D10.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_SYSTEM_OF_SOIL_PROTECTION_WATER_HARVESTING_AND_PROTECTION_AGAINST_THE_WIND]]SYSTEM OF SOIL PROTECTION, WATER HARVESTING AND PROTECTION AGAINST THE WIND</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"> <div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">D11</div>[[Image:D11.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_IMPROVEMENT_OF_ALKALIZED_SALINIZED_SOILS]]IMPROVEMENT OF ALKALIZED SALINIZED SOILS</div></div>
Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=C_Water_management&diff=10600
C Water management
2024-05-22T19:01:45Z
<p>Admintkwb: </p>
<hr />
<div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C1</div>[[Image:C1.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_DIVERSION_SYSTEMS_ON_A_LARGE_SCALE_AND_USE_OF_FLOODS|DIVERSION SYSTEMS ON A LARGE SCALE AND USE OF FLOODS]]DIVERSION SYSTEMS ON A LARGE SCALE AND USE OF FLOODS</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C1a</div>[[Image:C1a.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_SYSTEMS_OF_COMMUNICATING_BASINS_FOR_SHARING_THE_FLOODS|SYSTEMS OF COMMUNICATING BASINS FOR SHARING THE FLOODS]]SYSTEMS OF COMMUNICATING BASINS FOR SHARING THE FLOODS</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C1b</div>[[Image:C1b.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_TORRENT_STREETS|TORRENT STREETS]]TORRENT STREETS</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C1c</div>[[Image:C1c.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_WIDE_COMB_SHARING_SYSTEMS|WIDE “COMB” SHARING SYSTEMS]]WIDE “COMB” SHARING SYSTEMS</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C2</div>[[Image:C2.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_WATER_HARVESTING_IN_POOLS_AND_CISTERNS|WATER HARVESTING IN POOLS AND CISTERNS]]WATER HARVESTING IN POOLS AND CISTERNS</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C2a</div>[[Image:C2a.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_THOLOS_CISTERNS_BELL_CISTERNS_AND_PIT_CISTERNS|THOLOS-CISTERNS, BELL-CISTERNS AND PIT-CISTERNS]]THOLOS-CISTERNS, BELL-CISTERNS AND PIT-CISTERNS</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C2b</div>[[Image:C2b.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_ROOFED_CISTERNS|ROOFED CISTERN]]ROOFED CISTERN</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C2c</div>[[Image:C2c.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_LARGE_OPEN_AIR_CISTERNS|LARGE OPEN-AIR CISTERNS]]LARGE OPEN-AIR CISTERNS</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C2d</div>[[Image:C2d.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_CONNECTED_CISTERNS|CONNECTED CISTERNS]]CONNECTED CISTERNS</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C3</div>[[Image:C3.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_CHANNELING_AND_CONCENTRATION_OF_RAIN_ALONG_THE_SLOPES|CHANNELING AND CONCENTRATION OF RAIN ALONG THE SLOPES]]CHANNELING AND CONCENTRATION OF RAIN ALONG THE SLOPES</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C4</div>[[Image:C4.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_CREATION_OF_GARDENS_ON_THE_SIDES_OF_RIVERBED|CREATION OF GARDENS ON THE SIDES OF RIVERBED]]CREATION OF GARDENS ON THE SIDES OF RIVERBED</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C5</div>[[Image:C5.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_COMBINATED_USE_FOR_CATCHMENT_DISTILLATION_AND_CONDENSATION|COMBINED USE FOR CATCHMENT, DISTILLATION AND CONDENSATION]]COMBINED USE FOR CATCHMENT, DISTILLATION AND CONDENSATION</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C6</div>[[Image:C6.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_INTEGRATED_USE_OF_WATER_CATCHMENT_HARVESTING_AND_DISTRIBUTION|INTEGRATED USE OF WATER CATCHMENT, HARVESTING AND DISTRIBUTION]]INTEGRATED USE OF WATER CATCHMENT, HARVESTING AND DISTRIBUTION</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C7</div>[[Image:C7.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_DRIPPING_OF_WATER_AND_PERCOLATION_IN_CAVE_DWELLINGS|DRIPPING OF WATER AND PERCOLATION IN CAVE DWELLINGS]]DRIPPING OF WATER AND PERCOLATION IN CAVE DWELLINGS</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C8</div>[[Image:C8.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_STONE_AND_OTHER_MATERIALS_DAMS|STONE AND OTHER MATERIALS DAMS]]STONE AND OTHER MATERIALS DAMS</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C9</div>[[Image:C9.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_DIKE_OF_WATER_DIVERSION_FROM_PERPETUAL_SNOWS|DIKE OF WATER DIVERSION FROM PERPETUAL SNOWS]]DIKE OF WATER DIVERSION FROM PERPETUAL SNOWS</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C10</div>[[Image:C10.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_HYDROGENESIS_AND_HIDDEN_PRECAPTATION|HYDROGENESIS AND HIDDEN PRECAPTATION]]HYDROGENESIS AND HIDDEN PRECAPTATION</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C11</div>[[Image:C11.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_HUMIDITY_CONDENSATION_TECHNIQUES|HUMIDITY CONDENSATION TECHNIQUES]]HUMIDITY CONDENSATION TECHNIQUES</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C11a</div>[[Image:C11a.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_WATER_STORAGE_IN_CISTERN_JARS|WATER STORAGE IN CISTERN-JARS]]WATER STORAGE IN CISTERN-JARS</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C11b</div>[[Image:C11b.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_STONE_BARROWS|STONE BARROWS]]STONE BARROWS</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C11c</div>[[Image:C11c.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_STONE_ARRANGEMENT_AND_USE_OF_SURFACES_FOR_CATCHMENT|STONE ARRANGEMENT AND USE OF SURFACES FOR CATCHMENT]]STONE ARRANGEMENT AND USE OF SURFACES FOR CATCHMENT</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C11d</div>[[Image:C11d.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_MANSORY_FOR_HUMIDITY_CATCHMENT|MASONRY FOR HUMIDITY CATCHMENT]]MASONRY FOR HUMIDITY CATCHMENT</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C12</div>[[Image:C12.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_EXCAVATION_AND_DRAINAGE_SYSTEMS|EXCAVATION AND DRAINAGE SYSTEMS]]EXCAVATION AND DRAINAGE SYSTEMS</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C12a</div>[[Image:C12a.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_EXCAVATION_AND_DRAINAGE_SYSTEM_USED_IN_MINES|EXCAVATION AND DRAINAGE SYSTEM USED IN MINES]]EXCAVATION AND DRAINAGE SYSTEM USED IN MINES</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C12b</div>[[Image:C12b.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_DIGGING_CAVES_TO_CATCH_WATER|DIGGING CAVES TO CATCH WATER]]DIGGING CAVES TO CATCH WATER</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C13</div>[[Image:C13.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_HYDRAULIC_DEVICES|HYDRAULIC DEVICES]]HYDRAULIC DEVICES</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C13a</div>[[Image:C13a.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_SUNKEN_DAMS|SUNKEN DAMS]]SUNKEN DAMS</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C13b</div>[[Image:C13b.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_UNDERGROUND_CATCHMENT_TUNNELS|UNDERGROUND CATCHMENT TUNNELS]]UNDERGROUND CATCHMENT TUNNELS</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C13c</div>[[Image:C13c.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_ROCKER_ARMS_WELLS|ROCKER ARMS WELLS]]ROCKER ARMS WELLS</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C13d</div>[[Image:C13d.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_WELLS_PULLED_BY_ANIMALS|WELLS PULLED BY ANIMALS]]WELLS PULLED BY ANIMALS</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C13e</div>[[Image:C13e.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_BIG_LIFTING_DEVICES_NORIAS|BIG LIFTING DEVICES (NORIAS)]]BIG LIFTING DEVICES (NORIAS)</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C13f</div>[[Image:C13f.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_WATER_MILL|WATER-MILL]]WATER-MILL</div><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C14</div>[[Image:C14.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_WATER_MANAGEMENT_ON_TERRACED_FIELDS|WATER MANAGEMENT ON TERRACED FIELDS]]WATER MANAGEMENT ON TERRACED FIELDS</div></div>
Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=B_Agriculture&diff=10598
B Agriculture
2024-05-22T18:03:06Z
<p>Admintkwb: </p>
<hr />
<div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B1</div>[[Image:B1.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_TERRACING_SYSTEMS|TERRACING SYSTEMS]]TERRACING SYSTEMS</div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B1a</div>[[Image:B1a.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_LARGE_TERRACING_SYSTEMS|LARGE TERRACING SYSTEMS]]LARGE TERRACING SYSTEMS</div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B1b</div>[[Image:B1b.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_TERRACED_AND_FORTIFIED_OLIVE_GROVES|TERRACED AND FORTIFIED OLIVE GROVES]]TERRACED AND FORTIFIED OLIVE GROVES</div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B2</div>[[Image:B2.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_FORMATION_OF_PROTECTIVE_DUNES|FORMATION OF PROTECTIVE DUNES]]FORMATION OF PROTECTIVE DUNES</div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B3</div>[[Image:B3.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_PROTECTIVE_LUNETTES|PROTECTIVE LUNETTES]]PROTECTIVE LUNETTES</div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B4</div>[[Image:B4.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_TRASPORTABLE_GARDENS|TRANSPORTABLE GARDENS]]TRANSPORTABLE GARDENS</div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B5</div>[[Image:B5.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_NOMADIC_CULTIVATION|NOMADIC CULTIVATION]]NOMADIC CULTIVATION</div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B6</div>[[Image:B6.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_VEGETABLE_GARDENS|VEGETABLE GARDENS]]VEGETABLE GARDENS</div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B6a</div>[[Image:B6a.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_WALLED_AND_PROTECTED_GARDENS|WALLED AND PROTECTED GARDENS]]WALLED AND PROTECTED GARDENS</div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B6b</div>[[Image:B6b.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_GARDENS_IN_CRATERS|GARDENS IN CRATERS]]GARDENS IN CRATERS</div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B6c</div>[[Image:B6c.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_TERRACED_GARDENS|TERRACED GARDENS]]TERRACED GARDENS</div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B7</div>[[Image:B7.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_DOMESTICATION_AND_DISSEMINATION_OF_MAIN_PLANTS|DOMESTICATION AND DISSEMINATION OF MAIN PLANTS]]DOMESTICATION AND DISSEMINATION OF MAIN PLANTS</div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B7a</div>[[Image:B7a.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_DOMESTICATION_AND_DISSEMINATION_OF_PALM_TREE|DOMESTICATION AND DISSEMINATION OF PALM TREE]]DOMESTICATION AND DISSEMINATION OF PALM TREE</div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B8</div>[[Image:B8.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_HORTICULTURE_COMBINED_WITH_HIGH_TRUNK_PLANTS|HORTICULTURE COMBINED WITH HIGH-TRUNK PLANTS]]HORTICULTURE COMBINED WITH HIGH-TRUNK PLANTS</div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B9</div>[[Image:B9.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_TECHNIQUES_OF_SOIL_FERTILISATION|TECHNIQUES OF SOIL FERTILISATION]]TECHNIQUES OF SOIL FERTILISATION</div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B9a</div>[[Image:B9a.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_DEVICES_FOR_THE_CREATION_OF_HUMUS|DEVICES FOR THE CREATION OF HUMUS]]DEVICES FOR THE CREATION OF HUMUS</div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B9b</div>[[Image:B9b.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_NATURAL_FORAGE_AND_FIRE_TO_IMPROVE_REGENERATION|NATURAL FORAGE AND FIRE TO IMPROVE REGENERATION]]NATURAL FORAGE AND FIRE TO IMPROVE REGENERATION</div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B9c</div>[[Image:B9c.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_SLASH_AND_BURN|SLASH AND BURN]]SLASH AND BURN</div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B9d</div>[[Image:B9d.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_PROMARY_PRACTICE_OF_NATURAL_FERTILIZATION|PRIMARY PRACTICE OF NATURAL FERTILIZATION]]PRIMARY PRACTICE OF NATURAL FERTILIZATION</div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B9e</div>[[Image:B9e.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_SOIL_CREATION_AND_REPLENISHMENT|SOIL CREATION AND REPLENISHMENT]]SOIL CREATION AND REPLENISHMENT</div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B9f</div>[[Image:B9f.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_PRODUCTION_OF_COMPOST_FROM_WASTE_ASH_ESCREMENTS_AND_PLANTS|PRODUCTION OF COMPOST FROM WASTE, ASH, EXCREMENTS AND PLANTS]]PRODUCTION OF COMPOST FROM WASTE, ASH, EXCREMENTS AND PLANTS</div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B9g</div>[[Image:B9g.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_INTEGRATED_CYCLE_OF_ORGANIC_WASTE|INTEGRATED CYCLE OF ORGANIC WASTE]]INTEGRATED CYCLE OF ORGANIC WASTE</div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B9h</div>[[Image:B9h.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_CROP_ROTATION_AND_FALLOWING|CROP ROTATION AND FALLOWING]]CROP ROTATION AND FALLOWING</div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B10</div>[[Image:B10.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_TECHNIQUE_OF_SOIL_IRRIGATION|TECHNIQUE OF SOIL IRRIGATION]]TECHNIQUE OF SOIL IRRIGATION</div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B10a</div>[[Image:B10a.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_SOIL_WATERING_BY_SPRINKLING_WATER|SOIL WATERING BY SPRINKLING WATER]]SOIL WATERING BY SPRINKLING WATER</div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B10b</div>[[Image:B10b.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_IRRIGATION_BY_THE_FLOWING_OF_STREAMS_AND_WATER_CONSERVATION_IN_THE_SOIL|IRRIGATION BY THE FLOWING OF STREAMS AND WATER CONSERVATION IN THE SOIL]]IRRIGATION BY THE FLOWING OF STREAMS AND WATER CONSERVATION IN THE SOIL </div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B10c</div>[[Image:B10c.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_IRRIGATION_BY_FLOOD_RECESSION|IRRIGATION BY FLOOD RECESSION]]IRRIGATION BY FLOOD RECESSION</div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B10d</div>[[Image:B10d.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_SYSTEM_OF_WATER_CONTROL|SYSTEM OF WATER CONTROL]]SYSTEM OF WATER CONTROL </div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B10e</div>[[Image:B10e.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_IRRIGATION_FROM_THE_SUBSOIL|IRRIGATION FROM THE SUBSOIL]]IRRIGATION FROM THE SUBSOIL </div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B10f</div>[[Image:B10f.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_WATER_INTAKES_AND_CHANNELS|WATER INTAKES AND CHANNELS]]WATER INTAKES AND CHANNELS</div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B10g</div>[[Image:B10g.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_FLOATING_GARDENS|FLOATING GARDENS]]FLOATING GARDENS</div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B10h</div>[[Image:B10h.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_COMB_SHAPED_SHRING_SYSTEMS|COMB-SHAPED SHARING SYSTEMS]]COMB-SHAPED SHARING SYSTEMS</div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B10i</div>[[Image:B10i.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_ANDALUSIAN_AGRICULTURE|ANDALUSIAN AGRICULTURE]]ANDALUSIAN AGRICULTURE</div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B11</div>[[Image:B11.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_SOIL_WORKING_AND_TECHNIQUES|SOIL WORKING AND TECHNIQUES]]SOIL WORKING AND TECHNIQUES</div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B12</div>[[Image:B12.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_AGRICULTURAL_PRODUCTS_WORKING_TECHNIQUES|AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS WORKING TECHNIQUES]]AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS WORKING TECHNIQUES</div><br />
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<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;"><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B12a</div>[[Image:B12a.jpg|100px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_DEVICES_FOR_SOWING_SEEDS|DEVICES FOR SOWING SEEDS]]DEVICES FOR SOWING SEEDS</div></div>
Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=File:B2.jpg&diff=10424
File:B2.jpg
2024-05-22T17:24:41Z
<p>Admintkwb: </p>
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Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=File:B1b.jpg&diff=10423
File:B1b.jpg
2024-05-22T17:24:30Z
<p>Admintkwb: </p>
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Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=File:B1a.jpg&diff=10422
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2024-05-22T17:24:17Z
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Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=File:B1.jpg&diff=10421
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2024-05-22T17:18:39Z
<p>Admintkwb: </p>
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Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=A_Silviculture_breeding_hunting_and_harvesting&diff=10419
A Silviculture breeding hunting and harvesting
2024-05-22T15:24:21Z
<p>Admintkwb: </p>
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<div>[[Image:A1.jpg|113px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_TABOO_GOODS_AND_RULES_FOR_ACCESS_TO_RESOURCES|TABOO-GOODS AND RULES FOR ACCESS TO RESOURCES]]<br />
[[Image:A2.jpg|113px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_PROTECTION_OF_SPONTANEOUS_VEGETATION|PROTECTION OF SPONTANEOUS VEGETATION]]<br />
[[Image:A3.jpg|113px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_HARVESTING_AND_PRIMARY_CULTIVATION_OF_SEEDS_INSECTS_AND_GRUBS|HARVESTING AND PRIMARY CULTIVATION OF SEEDS, INSECTS AND GRUBS]]<br />
[[Image:A4.jpg|113px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_PLANT_CULTIVATION_AND_ANIMAL_DOMESTICATION]]<br />
[[Image:A5.jpg|113px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_EXPLOTATION_OF_OPEN_AREAS_IN_THE_FORESTS_FOR_FARMING|EXPLOTATION OF OPEN AREAS IN THE FORESTS FOR FARMING]]<br />
[[Image:A6.jpg|113px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_DRY_STONE_WALLS|DRY STONE WALLS]]<br />
[[Image:A7.jpg|113px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_INTEGRATED_USE_OF_MARGINAL_AREAS|INTEGRATED USE OF MARGINAL AREAS]]<br />
[[Image:A8.jpg|113px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_MAZE_LIKE_TRAPS|MAZE-LIKE TRAPS]]<br />
[[Image:A9.jpg|113px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_SPECIFIC_TECHNIQUES_AND_TOOLS_FOR_HUNTING_AND_FISHING|SPECIFIC TECHNIQUES AND TOOLS FOR HUNTING AND FISHING]]<br />
[[Image:A10.jpg|113px|link=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_HARVESTING_OF_PLANT_ESSENCES_AND_MEDICAL_PLANTS|HARVESTING OF PLANT ESSENCES AND MEDICAL PLANTS]]</div>
Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_AGRICULTURAL_TRANSPORT&diff=10415
GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE AGRICULTURAL TRANSPORT
2023-06-15T10:12:24Z
<p>Admintkwb: Text replacement - "http://tkwb.org" to "https://tkwb.org"</p>
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<div style="padding: 25px; "><br />
<table style="cell-padding:10px;"><br />
<tr style="vertical-align:text-top"><br />
<td><font style="font-size: 16px;">Technique: </font></td><br />
<td style="padding-left:10px;"><font style="font-size: 20px; padding-left:10px; font-weight: normal;">AGRICULTURAL TRANSPORT</font></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
</div><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table> <br />
</div><br />
<!--<br />
<h2>TK Links</h2><br />
<br />
--><br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Definition characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
Wheelless, and wheeled vehicles for farmland <br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">General characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
Home made vehicles for farmers to transport manure and crops to and from the fields.<br />
Tuscany and surrounding regions. with a global overview <br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Advantages and sustainability</h2><br />
Most vehicles of this kind are built at home with basic tools, and serve the purpose of trasporting heavi loads of crops or manure to and from the fileds. The are generally pulled by oxen by means of a yoke, but versions of these may be pulled by people, or equines. They are iudeal for transport on soft soils, in tropical Africa or on stony ground, sand and marchlands where wheels usually sind or do not work.<br />
Here are a series of images relative to the essay below.<br />
https://www.academia.edu/16101821/RURAL_TRANSPORT_-_THE_ILLUSTRATIONS<br />
The essay:<br />
https://www.academia.edu/16101530/RURAL_TRANSPORT_IN_CENTRAL_ITALY_-_THE_TEXT<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Images</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Deepening</h2><br />
<br />
</div><br />
</td><br />
<td align="center" valign="top"><h3>TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE DATA</h3><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 90%; text-align: center;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Technique</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">AGRICULTURAL TRANSPORT</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Icon</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 120px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;" align="center"><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Cathegory</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=B_Agriculture">B - Agriculture</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">B13</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 80%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=AGRICULTURAL_TRANSPORT_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #FAE7B4; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=AGRICULTURAL_TRANSPORT_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE">Local applications of the technique</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=AGRICULTURAL_TRANSPORT_SUCCESS_STORY"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #D9D3EB; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=AGRICULTURAL_TRANSPORT_SUCCESS_STORY">Success stories</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=AGRICULTURAL_TRANSPORT_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #F7DCE5; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=AGRICULTURAL_TRANSPORT_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS">Innovative technologies and solutions</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td> </td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top; width:40%">Author:</td><br />
<td><br />
<table><br />
<tr><td><a href="http://web.tkwb.org/tkwb/public/getPublicPersonalPage?id=102">Giovanni Caselli</a></td></tr><br />
</table><br />
</td> <br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Other authors:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Reference:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px; background-color: #DBB497; text-align: center;" height="100"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/ITKI.jpg" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="ITKI" /><img src="/initcp/img/logo.png" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="TKWB" /><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/sitti.jpg" height="60" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="SITTI" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
</html></div>
Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_STRUCTURAL_SYMBIOSIS_IN_SPECIFIC_GEOMORPHOLOGIC_CONTEXTS&diff=10414
GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE STRUCTURAL SYMBIOSIS IN SPECIFIC GEOMORPHOLOGIC CONTEXTS
2023-06-15T10:12:24Z
<p>Admintkwb: Text replacement - "http://tkwb.org" to "https://tkwb.org"</p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:<span style="display:none">{{FULLPAGENAME}}</span>}}<br />
<html><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><br />
<br />
<!-- <h1 style="font-size: 16px; color: #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 0; font-weight: bold">STRUCTURAL SYMBIOSIS IN SPECIFIC GEOMORPHOLOGIC CONTEXTS</h1>--><br />
<table width="100%" style="background-color: #DBB497" border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><font style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 24px; padding: 10px;">GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE</font></td><br />
<!-- <td align="center" ><font style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 36px; padding: 10px;">TKWB</font></td>--><br />
</tr><br />
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<table><br />
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<img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/E10c.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<div style="padding: 25px; "><br />
<table style="cell-padding:10px;"><br />
<tr style="vertical-align:text-top"><br />
<td><font style="font-size: 16px;">Technique: </font></td><br />
<td style="padding-left:10px;"><font style="font-size: 20px; padding-left:10px; font-weight: normal;">STRUCTURAL SYMBIOSIS IN SPECIFIC GEOMORPHOLOGIC CONTEXTS</font></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
</div><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table> <br />
</div><br />
<!--<br />
<h2>TK Links</h2><br />
<br />
--><br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Definition characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<p>Description for&nbsp;STRUCTURAL SYMBIOSIS IN SPECIFIC GEOMORPHOLOGIC CONTEXTS</p><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">General characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Advantages and sustainability</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Images</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Deepening</h2><br />
<br />
</div><br />
</td><br />
<td align="center" valign="top"><h3>TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE DATA</h3><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 90%; text-align: center;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Technique</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">STRUCTURAL SYMBIOSIS IN SPECIFIC GEOMORPHOLOGIC CONTEXTS</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Icon</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 120px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;" align="center"><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/E10c.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Cathegory</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=E_Settlements_architecture_and_movable_handworks">E - Settlements, architecture and movable handworks</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">E10c</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 80%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=STRUCTURAL_SYMBIOSIS_IN_SPECIFIC_GEOMORPHOLOGIC_CONTEXTS_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #FAE7B4; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=STRUCTURAL_SYMBIOSIS_IN_SPECIFIC_GEOMORPHOLOGIC_CONTEXTS_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE">Local applications of the technique</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=STRUCTURAL_SYMBIOSIS_IN_SPECIFIC_GEOMORPHOLOGIC_CONTEXTS_SUCCESS_STORY"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #D9D3EB; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=STRUCTURAL_SYMBIOSIS_IN_SPECIFIC_GEOMORPHOLOGIC_CONTEXTS_SUCCESS_STORY">Success stories</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=STRUCTURAL_SYMBIOSIS_IN_SPECIFIC_GEOMORPHOLOGIC_CONTEXTS_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #F7DCE5; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=STRUCTURAL_SYMBIOSIS_IN_SPECIFIC_GEOMORPHOLOGIC_CONTEXTS_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS">Innovative technologies and solutions</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td> </td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top; width:40%">Author:</td><br />
<td><br />
<table><br />
<tr><td></td></tr><br />
</table><br />
</td> <br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Other authors:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Reference:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px; background-color: #DBB497; text-align: center;" height="100"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/ITKI.jpg" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="ITKI" /><img src="/initcp/img/logo.png" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="TKWB" /><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/sitti.jpg" height="60" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="SITTI" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
</html></div>
Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_VEGETABLE_GARDENS&diff=10413
GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE VEGETABLE GARDENS
2023-06-15T10:12:24Z
<p>Admintkwb: Text replacement - "http://tkwb.org" to "https://tkwb.org"</p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:<span style="display:none">{{FULLPAGENAME}}</span>}}<br />
<html><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><br />
<br />
<!-- <h1 style="font-size: 16px; color: #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 0; font-weight: bold">VEGETABLE GARDENS</h1>--><br />
<table width="100%" style="background-color: #DBB497" border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><font style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 24px; padding: 10px;">GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE</font></td><br />
<!-- <td align="center" ><font style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 36px; padding: 10px;">TKWB</font></td>--><br />
</tr><br />
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<img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/B6.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /><br />
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<table style="cell-padding:10px;"><br />
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<td><font style="font-size: 16px;">Technique: </font></td><br />
<td style="padding-left:10px;"><font style="font-size: 20px; padding-left:10px; font-weight: normal;">VEGETABLE GARDENS</font></td><br />
</tr><br />
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</div><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table> <br />
</div><br />
<!--<br />
<h2>TK Links</h2><br />
<br />
--><br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Definition characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<p>A small area of land where vegetables are grown.&nbsp;</p><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">General characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<p><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana, Tahoma, 'DejaVu Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal;">Local leafy vegetables have long been an important part of people&#39;s diets in Africa - nutritious, affordable and adapted to local growing conditions and cultural traditions. They are cheap, readily affordable and rich in different micro-nutrients and are therefore crucial for the food and nutrition security of poor families in rural, peri-urban and urban areas. However, they became neglected by consumers because of their association with poor rural lifestyles and low-status foods, thus putting at stake the dietary diversity, nutrition and health of local populations. Research on, promotion and consumption of local vegetables&nbsp;has been going on in Kenya for many years.</span></p><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Advantages and sustainability</h2><br />
<p><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana, Tahoma, 'DejaVu Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal;">&nbsp;Increasing the presence of local vegetables&nbsp;in local food chains (in production, transformation, transport, commercialization and consumption) can tackle nutrition-related health issues, improve sustainable diets and contribute to the economic empowerment of women. The increase of local vegetables&nbsp;in food chains supplying cities, ensuring for example their availability in supermarkets, is key to improve urban diets.</span></p><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Images</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Deepening</h2><br />
<br />
</div><br />
</td><br />
<td align="center" valign="top"><h3>TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE DATA</h3><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 90%; text-align: center;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Technique</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">VEGETABLE GARDENS</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Icon</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 120px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;" align="center"><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/B6.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Cathegory</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=B_Agriculture">B - Agriculture</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">B6</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 80%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=VEGETABLE_GARDENS_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #FAE7B4; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=VEGETABLE_GARDENS_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE">Local applications of the technique</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=VEGETABLE_GARDENS_SUCCESS_STORY"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #D9D3EB; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=VEGETABLE_GARDENS_SUCCESS_STORY">Success stories</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=VEGETABLE_GARDENS_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #F7DCE5; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=VEGETABLE_GARDENS_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS">Innovative technologies and solutions</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td> </td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top; width:40%">Author:</td><br />
<td><br />
<table><br />
<tr><td>[Author of the form: Alanna Gerardi]</td></tr><br />
</table><br />
</td> <br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Other authors:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Reference:</td><br />
<td>http://teca.fao.org/fr/keywords/traditional-knowledge</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px; background-color: #DBB497; text-align: center;" height="100"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/ITKI.jpg" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="ITKI" /><img src="/initcp/img/logo.png" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="TKWB" /><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/sitti.jpg" height="60" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="SITTI" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
</html></div>
Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_HYDROGENESIS_AND_HIDDEN_PRECAPTATION&diff=10412
GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE HYDROGENESIS AND HIDDEN PRECAPTATION
2023-06-15T10:12:24Z
<p>Admintkwb: Text replacement - "http://tkwb.org" to "https://tkwb.org"</p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:<span style="display:none">{{FULLPAGENAME}}</span>}}<br />
<html><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><br />
<br />
<!-- <h1 style="font-size: 16px; color: #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 0; font-weight: bold">HYDROGENESIS AND HIDDEN PRECAPTATION</h1>--><br />
<table width="100%" style="background-color: #DBB497" border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><font style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 24px; padding: 10px;">GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE</font></td><br />
<!-- <td align="center" ><font style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 36px; padding: 10px;">TKWB</font></td>--><br />
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<td><font style="font-size: 16px;">Technique: </font></td><br />
<td style="padding-left:10px;"><font style="font-size: 20px; padding-left:10px; font-weight: normal;">HYDROGENESIS AND HIDDEN PRECAPTATION</font></td><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Definition characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<p style="text-align: justify;">Real artificial aerial springs supply the habitat systems which result from the environmental knowledge based on hydrogenesis, or water production.&nbsp;The method of interpreting towns based on the hydrogenesis and on the mangement of the local resources is an important means of understanding the settlements and express a meaning able to go beyond the aim of simple historical research.&nbsp;</p><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">General characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<p style="text-align: justify;">The phenomenon of hidden precipitations is of primary importance in the ecology of the desert and allows gazelles to drink by licking the night dew off stones which are steeped in moisture, while lizards and beetles get the water ration they need to survive from the water contained in the air. Because of the temperature range from night to day that can exceed 60 degrees, there is a lot of night condensation on the ground that wets the sand. This wet sand is dried by the sun&#39;s rays and creates a hard crust which typically cracks when trod upon. If the hidden precipitations are properly managed, then they can form sizeable water reserves. Hydraulic arrangements such as mounds of stones can then collect the water vapour from the air and preserve it in the subsoil before it fades away at the first light of dawn. Under some circumstances, four centimenters cubed of water can be collected in the desert at night over a surface area of only one square meter. Some of the foggara networks, which are typical of Touat, are fed in this way. (Gauthier, 1928). The mounds of stones work both during the night and during the day. Under the boiling sun the wind carries traces of moisture and seeps into the interstices of the mounds of stones where the internal temperature is lower than the outside temperature becuase it is not exposed to the sun or becuase it has an underground room. The fall in temperature causes the condensation of the drops, which are either soaked up by the soil in the case of the walls or fall down into the cavity. The water accumulated finds further moisture and coolness, this improving the efficiency of the condensation construction. During the night, the process is reversed and condensation occurs outside, even though the results are the same. The external surface of the rocks is cooler and condenses moisture so that dew settles on the surface; the dew slides into the interstices and is collected in the underground room. This process is used all over the Murgia highland, in the regions of Apulia and Lucania, to supply water by means of dry walls and blocks of limestone. The quantity of water supplied is only apparently irrelevant. However, it is of great importance because it allows plants to exploit the smallest quantities of humidity able to overcome circumstances of water urgency. Therefore, its function is essential to maintain plants on the soil in lack of rain and irrigation. techniques deriving from these practices are now used in the desert of Sahara and in Namibia.</p><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Advantages and sustainability</h2><br />
<p style="text-align: justify;">Hidden preciptations and hydrogenesis is achieved with deep knowledge of water management and is used to sustain populations of people and the process which are vital to life.&nbsp;</p><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Images</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Deepening</h2><br />
<br />
</div><br />
</td><br />
<td align="center" valign="top"><h3>TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE DATA</h3><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Technique</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">HYDROGENESIS AND HIDDEN PRECAPTATION</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Icon</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;" align="center"><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/C10.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /></td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Cathegory</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=C_Water_management">C - Water management</a></td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">C10</td><br />
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<td><a href="/index.php?title=HYDROGENESIS_AND_HIDDEN_PRECAPTATION_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #FAE7B4; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=HYDROGENESIS_AND_HIDDEN_PRECAPTATION_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE">Local applications of the technique</a></td><br />
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<td><a href="/index.php?title=HYDROGENESIS_AND_HIDDEN_PRECAPTATION_SUCCESS_STORY"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #D9D3EB; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=HYDROGENESIS_AND_HIDDEN_PRECAPTATION_SUCCESS_STORY">Success stories</a></td><br />
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<td><a href="/index.php?title=HYDROGENESIS_AND_HIDDEN_PRECAPTATION_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #F7DCE5; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=HYDROGENESIS_AND_HIDDEN_PRECAPTATION_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS">Innovative technologies and solutions</a></td><br />
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<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
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<td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td><br />
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<td> </td><br />
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<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top; width:40%">Author:</td><br />
<td><br />
<table><br />
<tr><td>IPOGEA, www.ipogea.org</td></tr><br />
</table><br />
</td> <br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Other authors:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Reference:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px; background-color: #DBB497; text-align: center;" height="100"><br />
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<td><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/ITKI.jpg" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="ITKI" /><img src="/initcp/img/logo.png" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="TKWB" /><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/sitti.jpg" height="60" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="SITTI" /></td><br />
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Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_AGRICULTURAL_PRODUCTS_WORKING_TECHNIQUES_7&diff=10411
LOCAL APPLICATION OF THE TECHNIQUE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS WORKING TECHNIQUES 7
2023-06-15T10:12:24Z
<p>Admintkwb: Text replacement - "http://tkwb.org" to "https://tkwb.org"</p>
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<h1 style="font-size: 16px; color: #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 0; font-weight: bold">AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS WORKING TECHNIQUES - Site di test 1</h1><br />
<table width="100%" style="background-color: #FAE7B4" border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><font style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 24px; padding: 10px;">LOCAL APPLICATION OF THE TECHNIQUE</font></td><br />
<td align="center"><font style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 36px; padding: 10px;">TKWB</font></td><br />
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<tr><br />
<td colspan="2"><br />
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<td width="80%" style="border: 1px solid #000000; vertical-align: top;" align="left"><br />
<div style="margin: 20px;"><br />
<div style="border: 2px solid #000000; min-height: 121px; margin-bottom: 50px;"><br />
<img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/B12.jpg" style="padding: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_AGRICULTURAL_PRODUCTS_WORKING_TECHNIQUES" /><br />
<div style="margin-top: 25px; display: inline;position: absolute;"><br />
<font style="font-size: 16px;">Technique:</font><font style="font-size: 20px; padding-left: 30px;">AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS WORKING TECHNIQUES</font><br />
<br><br />
<font style="font-size: 16px; ">Local name:</font><font style="font-size: 20px; padding-left: 23px;">Local name di test</font><br />
<br><br />
<font style="font-size: 16px;">Site:</font><font style="font-size: 20px; padding-left: 73px;">Site di test 1</font><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<h2>Location</h2><br />
<table width="100%" style="background-color: #FFFFFF; "><br />
<tr><br />
<td width="196"><img class="tkwb-enable-link-tagert" data-obj-link="https://tkwb.org/scripts/test.php?lat=29.123456&long=100.123456" style=" cursor: pointer; height: 174px;" src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/earth.jpg" ><br />
<p align="center">Click the globe to see the techinique on Google Earth</p><br />
</td><br />
<td><b>Continent:</b> Europe<br />
<br><br />
<b>Country:</b> Italy<br />
<br><br />
<b>Site:</b> Site di test 2<br />
<br><br />
<b>Coordinates:</b><br />
<br>Lat: <br />
29.123456<br />
<br>Long: <br />
100.123456</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Description of the local variant of the technique</h2><p>Description of the local variant.</p><br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Survival prospects</h2><p>Survival prospects.</p><br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Images</h2><p>Images</p><br />
<br />
</div></td><br />
<td align="center" valign="top"><h3>TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE DATA</h3><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 90%; text-align: center;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Technique</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="index.php?title=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_AGRICULTURAL_PRODUCTS_WORKING_TECHNIQUES">AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS WORKING TECHNIQUES</a></td><br />
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<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Icon</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;" align="center"><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/B12.jpg" style="padding: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_AGRICULTURAL_PRODUCTS_WORKING_TECHNIQUES" /></td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Cathegory</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="index.php?title=B_Agriculture" >B - Agriculture</a></td><br />
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<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">B12</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 80%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td><a href="index.php?title=AGRICULTURAL_PRODUCTS_WORKING_TECHNIQUES_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #FAE7B4; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="index.php?title=AGRICULTURAL_PRODUCTS_WORKING_TECHNIQUES_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE">Other Local applications of the technique</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td> </td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td>Author:</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>Alessandro Bindi</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>Reference:</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>Test</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px; background-color: #FAE7B4; text-align: center;" height="100"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/ITKI.jpg" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="ITKI" /><img src="/initcp/img/logo.png" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="TKWB" /><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/sitti.jpg" height="60" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="SITTI" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td colspan="2" align="center"><span style="cursor: pointer; padding-right: 20px;">Deepening</span><span style="cursor: pointer;">Download PDF</span></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
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Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_TOWER_HOUSE&diff=10410
GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE TOWER HOUSE
2023-06-15T10:12:23Z
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<!-- <h1 style="font-size: 16px; color: #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 0; font-weight: bold">TOWER HOUSE</h1>--><br />
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<td><font style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 24px; padding: 10px;">GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE</font></td><br />
<!-- <td align="center" ><font style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 36px; padding: 10px;">TKWB</font></td>--><br />
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<img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/E8m.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /><br />
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<div style="padding: 25px; "><br />
<table style="cell-padding:10px;"><br />
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<td><font style="font-size: 16px;">Technique: </font></td><br />
<td style="padding-left:10px;"><font style="font-size: 20px; padding-left:10px; font-weight: normal;">TOWER HOUSE</font></td><br />
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<!--<br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Definition characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<p>Description for&nbsp;TOWER HOUSE</p><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">General characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Advantages and sustainability</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Images</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Deepening</h2><br />
<br />
</div><br />
</td><br />
<td align="center" valign="top"><h3>TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE DATA</h3><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 90%; text-align: center;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Technique</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">TOWER HOUSE</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Icon</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 120px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;" align="center"><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/E8m.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /></td><br />
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<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Cathegory</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=E_Settlements_architecture_and_movable_handworks">E - Settlements, architecture and movable handworks</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">E8m</td><br />
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<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 80%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
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<td><a href="/index.php?title=TOWER_HOUSE_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #FAE7B4; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=TOWER_HOUSE_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE">Local applications of the technique</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=TOWER_HOUSE_SUCCESS_STORY"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #D9D3EB; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=TOWER_HOUSE_SUCCESS_STORY">Success stories</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
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<td><a href="/index.php?title=TOWER_HOUSE_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #F7DCE5; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=TOWER_HOUSE_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS">Innovative technologies and solutions</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td> </td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top; width:40%">Author:</td><br />
<td><br />
<table><br />
<tr><td></td></tr><br />
</table><br />
</td> <br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Other authors:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Reference:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px; background-color: #DBB497; text-align: center;" height="100"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/ITKI.jpg" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="ITKI" /><img src="/initcp/img/logo.png" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="TKWB" /><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/sitti.jpg" height="60" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="SITTI" /></td><br />
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GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE CROP ROTATION AND FALLOWING
2023-06-15T10:12:23Z
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<!-- <h1 style="font-size: 16px; color: #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 0; font-weight: bold">CROP ROTATION AND FALLOWING</h1>--><br />
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<td><font style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 24px; padding: 10px;">GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE</font></td><br />
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<p style="text-align: justify;">The process of organizing space in the Mediterranean is carried out thanks to the exploitation of the slopes and the practice of the techniques for fertilizing those inaccessible areas disregarded by the previous colonizers. The iron ploughshare, which had been used since the start of the 1st millennium BC in the Near East, spread over Europe and at the end of the millennium. The use of metal tools determined a more aggressive approach to the environment with the phonomenon of deforestation as well as of the productive exploitation of the marginal areas. In that same period the system of threefields rotation was introduced: cereals, oats, and legumes.</p><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">General characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<p style="text-align: justify;">The practice of crop rotation entails growing different crops in sequence. Crops vary in their nutrient demands, susceptibility to pests and diseases and ability to cope with erosion. A good system of crop rotation facilitates restoriation of the soil structure and fertility, this&nbsp;controls erosion and reduces pests and diseases. Certain weeds such as Striga, can be controlled or limited by crop rotation. On many small-scale farms, cereals are rotated with pulses, root crops and occassionally grass. Grain crops are relayed after two to three years of each, followed by a legume crop such as beans, groundnuts, or sunflower. It has since been tried by virtually all communities practicing crop farming in dry lands. Some Brazilian communities practice rotations between crop and livestock production. From the end of the 1st millennium BC onward, agriculture in the temperate Europe was able to support levels of population and urbanization comparable with those based on irrigation of the hot and sunny areas of the Middle East. There were no other major inventions in the following periods, only the development into more sophisticated systems of already existing techniques and knowledge. The grapevine and the olive tree were grown on the terraced systems by that time. Drainage systems, canals as well as irrigation and reclamation methods allowed the plains to be used for agriculture. The practice of leaving land fallow and manuring the soil made agriculture more productive. The land fallowing system, which was also introduced through early missionary and government intervention, entailed that&nbsp;farmers cultivate the land for three to eight years and allow it to rest for two to four years. This practice is basically akin to shifting cultivation, is low-input and familiar to local communities. But the shortage of agricultural land has tended to work against this technology.&nbsp;It is today an important alternative solution to the artificial fertilizers and guarantees the biologic qualities of the products.&nbsp;</p><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Advantages and sustainability</h2><br />
<p style="text-align: justify;">Land fallowing allows the land to rest for a period of two to four years after having been cultivaled for a period of three to eight years in an attempt to lessen the use of artificial fertilizers needed and in other cases of crop rotation pests and diseases are reduced as well as the fertility of the soil increased.&nbsp;</p><br />
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<td><a href="/index.php?title=CROP_ROTATION_AND_FALLOWING_SUCCESS_STORY"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #D9D3EB; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
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<tr><td>IPOGEA, www.ipogea.org</td></tr><br />
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GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE WADI OASES
2023-06-15T10:12:23Z
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<p>Description for&nbsp;WADI OASES</p><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=E_Settlements_architecture_and_movable_handworks">E - Settlements, architecture and movable handworks</a></td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">E6b</td><br />
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GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE STONE ARRANGEMENT AND USE OF SURFACES FOR CATCHMENT
2023-06-15T10:12:23Z
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<p style="text-align: justify;">Water harvesting and condensation structures are made up of tiers of stones that catch the winds full of humidity and transmit it to the soil to irrigate the grass for grazing.</p><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">General characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<p style="text-align: justify;">This is how the populations of the villages of the Great Dahalac (Red Sea) still find sustenance today. At the opposite side of the incense route, the caravan city of Shabwa situated deep within the Ramlat as-Sabataynm desert is linked to the South through the port of Qana on the Indian Ocean, and to the North with Gaza on the Mediterranean Sea. Nowadays, that region is completely deserted. The archaeological research and excavations carried out by Jacqueline Pirenne all over the region in 1975 and in 1977 unveiled an endless evidence of water harvesting and condensation devices on the jol, the stone highland at the foot of which the region is situated. According to Pirenne, these structures made up of stones arranged along the edges and of mounds of stones with cavaties inside, were used to catch moisture coming from the ancient palm tree cultivations and orchards surrounding the town of Shabwa. Those methods were passed on by nomadic and transhumant pastoral civilizations that watered the herds and ensured the survival of merchant caravans that used them.&nbsp;</p><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Advantages and sustainability</h2><br />
<p style="text-align: justify;">Water is harvested through the use of condensation structures which catch the humidity in winds and transfer that humiity to the soil, irrigating the grass which is then in turn useful for grazing.&nbsp;</p><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Deepening</h2><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Technique</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">STONE ARRANGEMENT AND USE OF SURFACES FOR CATCHMENT</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=C_Water_management">C - Water management</a></td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">C11c</td><br />
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<td><a href="/index.php?title=STONE_ARRANGEMENT_AND_USE_OF_SURFACES_FOR_CATCHMENT_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #FAE7B4; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
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</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=STONE_ARRANGEMENT_AND_USE_OF_SURFACES_FOR_CATCHMENT_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS">Innovative technologies and solutions</a></td><br />
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</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top; width:40%">Author:</td><br />
<td><br />
<table><br />
<tr><td>IPOGEA, www.ipogea.org</td></tr><br />
</table><br />
</td> <br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Other authors:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Reference:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px; background-color: #DBB497; text-align: center;" height="100"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/ITKI.jpg" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="ITKI" /><img src="/initcp/img/logo.png" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="TKWB" /><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/sitti.jpg" height="60" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="SITTI" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
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</table><br />
</html></div>
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INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND SOLUTIONS MODERN USE OF A TRADITIONAL YEMENITE TWO OUTLET TOILET
2023-06-15T10:12:23Z
<p>Admintkwb: Text replacement - "http://tkwb.org" to "https://tkwb.org"</p>
<hr />
<div><br />
<table width="100%" style="background-color: #CCCCCC" border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"> <br />
<td><font style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-size: 24px; padding: 10px;">INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND SOLUTIONS</font></td><br />
<td><font style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 36px; padding: 10px;">TKWB</font></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td colspan="2"><br />
<table width="100%" style="background-color: #FFFFFF; "><br />
<tr><br />
<td width="80%" style="border: 1px solid #000000; vertical-align: top;" align="left"><br />
<div style="margin: 20px;"><br />
<div style="border: 2px solid #000000; min-height: 81px; margin-bottom: 50px;"><br />
<img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/A3.jpg" style="padding: 10px; float: left; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_Test_1" /> <div><font style="font-size: 22px; padding-left: 30px;">HARVESTING AND PRIMARY CULTIVATION OF SEEDS, INSECTS AND GRUBS</font><br><font style="font-size: 24px; font-weight: bold; padding-left: 30px;">MODERN USE OF A TRADITIONAL YEMENITE TWO-OUTLET TOILET</font></div><br />
</div><br />
<h1 style="margin-top: 50px;">DESCRIPTION OF THE INNOVATIVE SOLUTION</h1><p>The project is ...</p><br />
<br />
<h1 style="margin-top: 50px;">ADVANTAGES AND SUSTAINABILITY</h1><p>XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX</p><br />
<br />
<h1 style="margin-top: 50px;">IMAGES</h1><p><img alt="" src="https://tkwb.org/libs/kcfinder/upload/images/test1.jpg" style="width: 260px; height: 169px;" /></p><br />
<br />
</div><br />
</td><br />
<td align="center" valign="top"><h3>TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE DATA</h3><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Technique</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><span style="cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_Test_1">MODERN USE OF A TRADITIONAL YEMENITE TWO-OUTLET TOILET</span></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Icon</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;" align="center"><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/A3.jpg" style="padding: 10px; float: left; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_Test_1" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Cathegory</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><span style="cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="A_Silviculture_breeding_hunting_and_harvesting" >A - Silviculture, breeding, hunting and harvesting</span></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">A3</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 80%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td><br />
<div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #CCCCCC; float: left; margin-right: 5px;">&nbsp;</div><span style="cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="Test_1_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS">Other innovative technologies for the technique</span><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_ANDALUSIAN_AGRICULTURE" class="tkwb-enable-link" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B10i</div><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/B10i.jpg" width="100" height="100" />ANDALUSIAN AGRICULTURE</div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_ARTISTIC_MANIFESTATIONS" class="tkwb-enable-link" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">G16</div><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/G16.jpg" width="100" height="100" />ARTISTIC MANIFESTATIONS</div><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td>Product manufactures:</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>manufactures</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>Author:</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>autore</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>Reference:</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>reference</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px; background-color: #CCCCCC; text-align: center;" height="100"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/ITKI.jpg" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="ITKI" /><img src="/initcp/img/logo.png" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="TKWB" /><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/sitti.jpg" height="60" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="SITTI" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td colspan="2" align="center"><span style="cursor: pointer; padding-right: 20px;">Deepening</span><span style="cursor: pointer;">Download PDF</span></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></div>
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INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND SOLUTIONS MODERN USE OF A TRADITIONAL YEMENITE TWO OUTLET TOILET 1
2023-06-15T10:12:23Z
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<h1 style="font-size: 16px; color: #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 0; font-weight: bold">MODERN USE OF A TRADITIONAL YEMENITE TWO-OUTLET TOILET</h1><br />
<table width="100%" style="background-color: #F7DCE5" border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><font style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-size: 24px; padding: 10px;">INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND SOLUTIONS</font></td><br />
<td><font style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 36px; padding: 10px;">TKWB</font></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td colspan="2"><br />
<table width="100%" style="background-color: #FFFFFF; "><br />
<tr><br />
<td width="80%" style="border: 1px solid #000000; vertical-align: top;" align="left"><br />
<div style="margin: 20px;"><br />
<div style="border: 2px solid #000000; min-height: 81px; margin-bottom: 50px;"><br />
<img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/A3.jpg" style="padding: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_Test_1" /><br />
<div style="margin-top: 25px; display: inline;position: absolute; max-width: 600px;"><br />
<font style="font-size: 22px; ">HARVESTING AND PRIMARY CULTIVATION OF SEEDS, INSECTS AND GRUBS</font><br />
<br><br />
<font style="font-size: 24px; font-weight: bold; ">MODERN USE OF A TRADITIONAL YEMENITE TWO-OUTLET TOILET</font><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<h1 style="margin-top: 50px;">DESCRIPTION OF THE INNOVATIVE SOLUTION</h1><p>The project is ...</p><br />
<h1 style="margin-top: 50px;">ADVANTAGES AND SUSTAINABILITY</h1><p>XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX</p><br />
<h1 style="margin-top: 50px;">IMAGES</h1><p><img alt="" src="https://tkwb.org/libs/kcfinder/upload/images/test1.jpg" style="width: 260px; height: 169px;" /></p><br />
<br />
</div></td><br />
<td align="center" valign="top"><h3>TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE DATA</h3><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 90%; text-align: center;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Technique</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="index.php?title=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_Test_1">HARVESTING AND PRIMARY CULTIVATION OF SEEDS, INSECTS AND GRUBS</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Icon</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;" align="center"><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/A3.jpg" style="padding: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_Test_1" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Cathegory</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><span style="cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="A_Silviculture_breeding_hunting_and_harvesting" >A - Silviculture, breeding, hunting and harvesting</span></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">A3</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 80%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><a href="index.php?title=Test_1_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #F7DCE5; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="index.php?title=Test_1_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS">Other innovative technologies</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td> <div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_ANDALUSIAN_AGRICULTURE" class="tkwb-enable-link" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B10i</div><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/B10i.jpg" width="100" height="100" />ANDALUSIAN AGRICULTURE</div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_ARTISTIC_MANIFESTATIONS" class="tkwb-enable-link" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">G16</div><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/G16.jpg" width="100" height="100" />ARTISTIC MANIFESTATIONS</div> </td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td>Product manufactures:</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>manufactures</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>Author:</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>autore</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>Reference:</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>reference</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px; background-color: #F7DCE5; text-align: center;" height="100"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/ITKI.jpg" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="ITKI" /><img src="/initcp/img/logo.png" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="TKWB" /><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/sitti.jpg" height="60" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="SITTI" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td colspan="2" align="center"><span style="cursor: pointer; padding-right: 20px;">Deepening</span><span style="cursor: pointer;">Download PDF</span></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
</html></div>
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INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND SOLUTIONS DRiWATER 9
2023-06-15T10:12:23Z
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<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:<span style="display:none">{{FULLPAGENAME}}</span>}}<br />
<html><br />
<h1 style="font-size: 16px; color: #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 0; font-weight: bold">DRiWATER</h1><br />
<table width="100%" style="background-color: #F7DCE5" border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><font style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 24px; padding: 10px;">INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND SOLUTIONS</font></td><br />
<td align="center"><font style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 36px; padding: 10px;">TKWB</font></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td colspan="2"><br />
<table width="100%" style="background-color: #FFFFFF; "><br />
<tr><br />
<td width="80%" style="border: 1px solid #000000; vertical-align: top;" align="left"><br />
<div style="margin: 20px;"><br />
<div style="border: 2px solid #000000; min-height: 81px; margin-bottom: 50px;"><br />
<img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/B10.jpg" style="padding: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_TECHNIQUE_OF_SOIL_IRRIGATION" /><br />
<div style="margin-top: 25px; display: inline;position: absolute"><br />
<font style="font-size: 16px; padding-left: 0px;">Technique:</font><br />
<font style="font-size: 20px; ">TECHNIQUE OF SOIL IRRIGATION</font><br />
<br><br />
<font style="font-size: 16px; padding-left: 42px;">Title:</font><br />
<font style="font-size: 20px; ">DRiWATER</font><br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Description of the innovative solution</h2><p>DRiWATER is water in a gel form that time releases when it comes in contact with soil. DRiWATER slowly releases water so your plant can use it more efficiently and grow healthier. DRiWATER is composed of all natural ingredients and is safe around children and animals. DRiWATER is not polymer. It is non-toxic and biodegradable. DRiWATER will water plants reliably and consistently for up to 30, 60 or 90 days. The modern technique is a revolutionary concept in living plant irrigation, patented by its inventor in USA. When placed in contact with microbiological life forms found in soil, DRiWATER dissolves back into water at a controlled rate of flow. The product will continuously drip irrigate a plant or seedling over a period of time depending on the size of the application. In the Quart size container, a seedling will be irrigated for three months or more without regard to the temperature or relative humidity.</p><br />
<br />
<p>DRiWATER is made of three non-toxic ingredients-pure water, cellulose and alum. DRiWATER is absorbed by the soil, making it readily available to the plant&#39;s root ball. DRiWATER has been under a wide product-testing programme with government agencies, universities, and private sector end users. Extensive field tests have been conducted in arid desert conditions of the United Arab Emirates, planting of two million trees in Egypt, and many areas in the Western States with extremely difficult soils and weather conditions.</p><br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Advantages and sustainability</h2><p>&nbsp;As for the benefits of DRiWATER, it can be used to start seedlings in sand where water from other irrigation methods leaches away from the plant.&nbsp;<span style="line-height: 1.6em;">DRiWATER can be used to start seedlings on steep terrain where other irrigation methods would cause erosion. DRiWATER eliminates the necessity of installing drip irrigation systems or hauling water where water is only needed during the first year to establish the plant&#39;s root system.</span></p><br />
<br />
<p>Flood irrigation is a very wasteful use of the precious resource with approximately 90% of the water being wasted. This method of irrigation adds to contamination of our underground aquifers by leaching chemical fertilizers and pesticides down with it.</p><br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Images</h2><p><img src="http://driwater.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/trees.png" /></p><br />
<br />
<p><img src="http://kpbs.media.clients.ellingtoncms.com/img/croppedphotos/2013/05/29/AGrowingPassionNan_Driwater_t614.jpg?a3ca5463f16dc11451266bb717d38a6025dcea0e" /></p><br />
<br />
</div></td><br />
<td align="center" valign="top"><h3>TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE DATA</h3><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 90%; text-align: center;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Technique</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="index.php?title=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_TECHNIQUE_OF_SOIL_IRRIGATION">TECHNIQUE OF SOIL IRRIGATION</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Icon</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;" align="center"><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/B10.jpg" style="padding: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_TECHNIQUE_OF_SOIL_IRRIGATION" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Cathegory</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><span style="cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="B_Agriculture" >B - Agriculture</span></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">B10</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 80%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><a href="index.php?title=TECHNIQUE_OF_SOIL_IRRIGATION_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #F7DCE5; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="index.php?title=TECHNIQUE_OF_SOIL_IRRIGATION_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS">Other innovative technologies</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td> </td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td>Product manufactures:</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>DRiWATER</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>Author:</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>Alanna Gerardi </td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>Reference:</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>All information comes from Traditional Technology, Knowledge, Know-how, Practice and Modern Techniques for Combating Desertification in Some Affected Countries. <br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px; background-color: #F7DCE5; text-align: center;" height="100"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/ITKI.jpg" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="ITKI" /><img src="/initcp/img/logo.png" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="TKWB" /><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/sitti.jpg" height="60" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="SITTI" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td colspan="2" align="center"><span style="cursor: pointer; padding-right: 20px;">Deepening</span><span style="cursor: pointer;">Download PDF</span></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
</html></div>
Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_ARTISTIC_MANIFESTATIONS&diff=10403
GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE ARTISTIC MANIFESTATIONS
2023-06-15T10:12:23Z
<p>Admintkwb: Text replacement - "http://tkwb.org" to "https://tkwb.org"</p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:<span style="display:none">{{FULLPAGENAME}}</span>}}<br />
<html><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><br />
<br />
<!-- <h1 style="font-size: 16px; color: #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 0; font-weight: bold">ARTISTIC MANIFESTATIONS</h1>--><br />
<table width="100%" style="background-color: #DBB497" border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><font style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 24px; padding: 10px;">GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE</font></td><br />
<!-- <td align="center" ><font style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 36px; padding: 10px;">TKWB</font></td>--><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td colspan="2"><br />
<table width="100%" style="background-color: #FFFFFF; "><br />
<tr><br />
<td width="80%" style="border: 1px solid #000000; vertical-align: top;" align="left"><br />
<div style="margin: 20px;"><br />
<div style="border: 2px solid #000000; min-height: 81px; margin-bottom: 50px;"><br />
<table><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/G16.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<div style="padding: 25px; "><br />
<table style="cell-padding:10px;"><br />
<tr style="vertical-align:text-top"><br />
<td><font style="font-size: 16px;">Technique: </font></td><br />
<td style="padding-left:10px;"><font style="font-size: 20px; padding-left:10px; font-weight: normal;">ARTISTIC MANIFESTATIONS</font></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
</div><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table> <br />
</div><br />
<!--<br />
<h2>TK Links</h2><br />
<br />
--><br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Definition characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<p>Description of&nbsp;ARTISTIC MANIFESTATIONS</p><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">General characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<p>General definition of ARTISTIC MANIFESTATIONS</p><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Advantages and sustainability</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Images</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Deepening</h2><br />
<br />
</div><br />
</td><br />
<td align="center" valign="top"><h3>TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE DATA</h3><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 90%; text-align: center;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Technique</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">ARTISTIC MANIFESTATIONS</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Icon</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 120px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;" align="center"><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/G16.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Cathegory</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=G_Social_organization_art_and_spirituality">G - Social organization, art and spirituality</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">G16</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 80%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=ARTISTIC_MANIFESTATIONS_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #FAE7B4; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=ARTISTIC_MANIFESTATIONS_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE">Local applications of the technique</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=ARTISTIC_MANIFESTATIONS_SUCCESS_STORY"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #D9D3EB; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=ARTISTIC_MANIFESTATIONS_SUCCESS_STORY">Success stories</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=ARTISTIC_MANIFESTATIONS_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #F7DCE5; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=ARTISTIC_MANIFESTATIONS_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS">Innovative technologies and solutions</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td> </td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top; width:40%">Author:</td><br />
<td><br />
<table><br />
<tr><td>ipogea</td></tr><br />
</table><br />
</td> <br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Other authors:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Reference:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px; background-color: #DBB497; text-align: center;" height="100"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/ITKI.jpg" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="ITKI" /><img src="/initcp/img/logo.png" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="TKWB" /><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/sitti.jpg" height="60" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="SITTI" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
</html></div>
Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=A_Silviculture_breeding_hunting_and_harvesting&diff=10402
A Silviculture breeding hunting and harvesting
2023-06-15T10:12:23Z
<p>Admintkwb: Text replacement - "http://tkwb.org" to "https://tkwb.org"</p>
<hr />
<div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_TABOO_GOODS_AND_RULES_FOR_ACCESS_TO_RESOURCES" class="tkwb-enable-link" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">A1</div><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/A1.jpg" width="100" height="100" />TABOO-GOODS AND RULES FOR ACCESS TO RESOURCES</div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_PROTECTION_OF_SPONTANEOUS_VEGETATION" class="tkwb-enable-link" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">A2</div><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/A2.jpg" width="100" height="100" />PROTECTION OF SPONTANEOUS VEGETATION</div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_HARVESTING_AND_PRIMARY_CULTIVATION_OF_SEEDS_INSECTS_AND_GRUBS" class="tkwb-enable-link" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">A3</div><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/A3.jpg" width="100" height="100" />HARVESTING AND PRIMARY CULTIVATION OF SEEDS, INSECTS AND GRUBS</div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_PLANT_CULTIVATION_AND_ANIMAL_DOMESTICATION" class="tkwb-enable-link" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">A4</div><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/A4.jpg" width="100" height="100" />PLANT CULTIVATION AND ANIMAL DOMESTICATION</div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_EXPLOTATION_OF_OPEN_AREAS_IN_THE_FORESTS_FOR_FARMING" class="tkwb-enable-link" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">A5</div><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/A5.jpg" width="100" height="100" />EXPLOTATION OF OPEN AREAS IN THE FORESTS FOR FARMING</div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_DRY_STONE_WALLS" class="tkwb-enable-link" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">A6</div><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/A6.jpg" width="100" height="100" />DRY STONE WALLS</div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_INTEGRATED_USE_OF_MARGINAL_AREAS" class="tkwb-enable-link" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">A7</div><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/A7.jpg" width="100" height="100" />INTEGRATED USE OF MARGINAL AREAS</div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_MAZE_LIKE_TRAPS" class="tkwb-enable-link" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">A8</div><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/A8.jpg" width="100" height="100" />MAZE-LIKE TRAPS</div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_SPECIFIC_TECHNIQUES_AND_TOOLS_FOR_HUNTING_AND_FISHING" class="tkwb-enable-link" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">A9</div><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/A9.jpg" width="100" height="100" />SPECIFIC TECHNIQUES AND TOOLS FOR HUNTING AND FISHING</div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_HARVESTING_OF_PLANT_ESSENCES_AND_MEDICAL_PLANTS" class="tkwb-enable-link" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">A10</div><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/A10.jpg" width="100" height="100" />HARVESTING OF PLANT ESSENCES AND MEDICAL PLANTS</div></div>
Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_TERRACED_TOWN&diff=10401
GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE TERRACED TOWN
2023-06-15T10:12:23Z
<p>Admintkwb: Text replacement - "http://tkwb.org" to "https://tkwb.org"</p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:<span style="display:none">{{FULLPAGENAME}}</span>}}<br />
<html><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><br />
<br />
<!-- <h1 style="font-size: 16px; color: #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 0; font-weight: bold">TERRACED TOWN</h1>--><br />
<table width="100%" style="background-color: #DBB497" border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><font style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 24px; padding: 10px;">GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE</font></td><br />
<!-- <td align="center" ><font style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 36px; padding: 10px;">TKWB</font></td>--><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td colspan="2"><br />
<table width="100%" style="background-color: #FFFFFF; "><br />
<tr><br />
<td width="80%" style="border: 1px solid #000000; vertical-align: top;" align="left"><br />
<div style="margin: 20px;"><br />
<div style="border: 2px solid #000000; min-height: 81px; margin-bottom: 50px;"><br />
<table><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/E9g.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<div style="padding: 25px; "><br />
<table style="cell-padding:10px;"><br />
<tr style="vertical-align:text-top"><br />
<td><font style="font-size: 16px;">Technique: </font></td><br />
<td style="padding-left:10px;"><font style="font-size: 20px; padding-left:10px; font-weight: normal;">TERRACED TOWN</font></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
</div><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table> <br />
</div><br />
<!--<br />
<h2>TK Links</h2><br />
<br />
--><br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Definition characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<p>Description of&nbsp;TERRACED TOWN</p><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">General characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Advantages and sustainability</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Images</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Deepening</h2><br />
<br />
</div><br />
</td><br />
<td align="center" valign="top"><h3>TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE DATA</h3><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 90%; text-align: center;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Technique</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">TERRACED TOWN</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Icon</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 120px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;" align="center"><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/E9g.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Cathegory</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=E_Settlements_architecture_and_movable_handworks">E - Settlements, architecture and movable handworks</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">E9g</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 80%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=TERRACED_TOWN_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #FAE7B4; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=TERRACED_TOWN_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE">Local applications of the technique</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=TERRACED_TOWN_SUCCESS_STORY"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #D9D3EB; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=TERRACED_TOWN_SUCCESS_STORY">Success stories</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=TERRACED_TOWN_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #F7DCE5; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=TERRACED_TOWN_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS">Innovative technologies and solutions</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td> </td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top; width:40%">Author:</td><br />
<td><br />
<table><br />
<tr><td></td></tr><br />
</table><br />
</td> <br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Other authors:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Reference:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px; background-color: #DBB497; text-align: center;" height="100"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/ITKI.jpg" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="ITKI" /><img src="/initcp/img/logo.png" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="TKWB" /><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/sitti.jpg" height="60" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="SITTI" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
</html></div>
Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_HANDMADE_METALS&diff=10400
GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE HANDMADE METALS
2023-06-15T10:12:23Z
<p>Admintkwb: Text replacement - "http://tkwb.org" to "https://tkwb.org"</p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:<span style="display:none">{{FULLPAGENAME}}</span>}}<br />
<html><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><br />
<br />
<!-- <h1 style="font-size: 16px; color: #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 0; font-weight: bold">HANDMADE METALS</h1>--><br />
<table width="100%" style="background-color: #DBB497" border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><font style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 24px; padding: 10px;">GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE</font></td><br />
<!-- <td align="center" ><font style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 36px; padding: 10px;">TKWB</font></td>--><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td colspan="2"><br />
<table width="100%" style="background-color: #FFFFFF; "><br />
<tr><br />
<td width="80%" style="border: 1px solid #000000; vertical-align: top;" align="left"><br />
<div style="margin: 20px;"><br />
<div style="border: 2px solid #000000; min-height: 81px; margin-bottom: 50px;"><br />
<table><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/E13c.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /><br />
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<p>Description for&nbsp;HANDMADE METALS</p><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=E_Settlements_architecture_and_movable_handworks">E - Settlements, architecture and movable handworks</a></td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">E13c</td><br />
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<td><a href="/index.php?title=HANDMADE_METALS_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #FAE7B4; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
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</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=HANDMADE_METALS_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE">Local applications of the technique</a></td><br />
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<td><a href="/index.php?title=HANDMADE_METALS_SUCCESS_STORY"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #D9D3EB; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
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</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=HANDMADE_METALS_SUCCESS_STORY">Success stories</a></td><br />
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<td><a href="/index.php?title=HANDMADE_METALS_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #F7DCE5; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
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</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=HANDMADE_METALS_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS">Innovative technologies and solutions</a></td><br />
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<td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td><br />
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Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_FLOATING_GARDENS&diff=10399
GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE FLOATING GARDENS
2023-06-15T10:12:23Z
<p>Admintkwb: Text replacement - "http://tkwb.org" to "https://tkwb.org"</p>
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<!-- <h1 style="font-size: 16px; color: #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 0; font-weight: bold">FLOATING GARDENS</h1>--><br />
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<td><font style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 24px; padding: 10px;">GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE</font></td><br />
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<p style="text-align: justify;">Among the pre-Columbian techniques for using humid areas, the floating gardens called chinampa were disseminated by the Toltec population after the fall of Tula in 1165 AD. The water of the marshlands irrigates the soil where the plants grow, directly from below, supported by wooden bases that in some cases may actually float.&nbsp;</p><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">General characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<p style="text-align: justify;">Nowadays, at Xochimilco, a town 30 kilometers from Mexico City and whose name means &#39;place of the fields of flowers&#39;, the chinampa are arranged in chequered cultivations. Like islands in the freshwater lagoon, they are seperated by a regular layout of canals, which can be navigated by flat bottomed boats. Today, the situation is closer to the feixe than to gardens on floating rafts. The chinampa, with plants which direclty absorb the necessary water through their roots, are an example of the creation of a space that can be cultivated when there is water in excess. Large wooden rafts are anchored on lakes and marshes. A layer of soil with earth and manure is spread on top. Humidity passes directly from the wood to the roots of the plants, which thus obtain the water they need without irrigation. This original water control practice dates back to the 2nd millennium BC, but it is with the classical and pre-classical civilizatoins that the natural depressions and cavities full of water were systematically organized and supplied by means of collection areas, that were no less than the pyramids and monumental architecture. Water management developed specific water control practices for the purpose of limiting excesses. This was the case with the Maya settlements in Yucatan that can be defined as rainforest oases.&nbsp;</p><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Advantages and sustainability</h2><br />
<p style="text-align: justify;">Marsh waters irrigate plants through a chequered system of canals and cultivations. This systems takes advantage of the excess of water while using minimal amounts with very little waste to irrigate the plants through absoprtion of the water through wood, soil, and directly into the roots of the plants.&nbsp;</p><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=B_Agriculture">B - Agriculture</a></td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td><br />
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</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=FLOATING_GARDENS_SUCCESS_STORY">Success stories</a></td><br />
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<td><a href="/index.php?title=FLOATING_GARDENS_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #F7DCE5; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=FLOATING_GARDENS_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS">Innovative technologies and solutions</a></td><br />
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<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
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<td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td><br />
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<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top; width:40%">Author:</td><br />
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<tr><td>IPOGEA, www.ipogea.org</td></tr><br />
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Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=ITKI&diff=10398
ITKI
2023-06-15T10:12:23Z
<p>Admintkwb: Text replacement - "http://tkwb.org" to "https://tkwb.org"</p>
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<div><html><p style="text-align: justify;"><img alt="" src="https://tkwb.org/libs/kcfinder/upload/images/logo.itki.jpg" style="float: left; margin-left: 9px; margin-right: 9px; width: 161px; height: 263px;" />The International Traditional Knowledge Institute (ITKI) was established in 2010. After a long journey that has involved the public administrations of Tuscany (Region, Province, and local council), the Italian Ministry of Environment, organizations of the United Nations, private foundations and non-profits, international experts and scholars gathered at numerous conferences and engaged in pilot projects and experiences, The Institute has the legal form of a private association created by members, supporters and foundations, which can contribute in various ways as defined by the statute. ITKI is the hub of an international proposal for the inventory, preservation and dissemination of innovative traditional knowledge.</p><br />
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<h2 style="text-align: justify;">Objectives and Functions</h2><br />
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<p>ITKI&rsquo;s mission is to study and promote traditional knowledge and its innovative use in all areas of human endeavor, particularly where that knowledge may contribute to the creation or preservation of ecological integrity, social cohesion, and economic well-being. The Institute is the joint of an international network in charge of the inventory, the protection, and the innovative diffusion of Traditional Knowledge.</p><br />
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<p>ITKI has the following strategic goals:</p><br />
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<p>- Identify, study, and inventory traditional knowledge.<br /><br />
- Assure the preservation of traditional knowledge and cultural heritage as living heritage.<br /><br />
- Encourage and advance the spread of traditional knowledge from the local level to the international level.<br /><br />
- Promote integration between traditional knowledge and the scientific system and simulate the innovative use of traditional knowledge.<br /><br />
- Protect the rights of local communities and native peoples who are the holders of traditional knowledge and indigenous science systems.<br /><br />
- Further the spread and innovative use of traditional knowledge for the management of cultural heritage and the protection of ecosystems.<br /><br />
- Promote the application of traditional knowledge to the restoration and sustainable redevelopment of cultural assets as living heritage through the implementation of pilot projects.<br /><br />
- Introduce the use of traditional practices for the carrying out of work of reclamation and restoration and stimulate a participatory approach to the choice of technological infrastructures.<br /><br />
- Promote codes of procedure that adopt traditional knowledge in the management of parks, protected areas, and UNESCO sites.<br /><br />
- Contribute to the protection of local traditions and cultural differences.<br /><br />
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<h2>Conducted Activities</h2><br />
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<p>The activities conducted by ITKI consist of actions preparatory to its foundation from 2007 to 2010, synthesized here in a list of major conferences and institutional steps, and also of activities happening after its legal constitution in May of 2010 (memorandum recorded in Florence on 5/27/2010). From this date forward, ITKI has legal status, governing bodies, and management and is therefore entitled to operate. It continues to carry out important activities and met for meetings with the governing bodies and associates.</p><br />
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<p><strong>2007<em> </em></strong><br /><br />
<strong><em>&ldquo;Climate Change, Desertification, Environmental Conflicts, and Migration: An International Network of Experts on Traditional Knowledge for a Common Strategy&rdquo;</em>, Florence June 28-29 2007</strong><br /><br />
The international conference on climate change, desertification, and environmental conflicts and migrations was held at Palazzo Bastogi, headquarters for the Region of Tuscany, in Florence and was organized by IPOGEA, UNESCO, and UNCCD. International experts from 15 different countries participated at the conference. They had the task of creating a network of experts responsible for collecting, sharing, and disseminating traditional knowledge and local solutions that have allowed for the construction and the management of ecosystems and cultural landscapes in the whole planet. These good practices, forged in situations with restricted means and in pre-industrial societies characterized by strong social cohesion and environmental integration, create solutions with low energy waste and consumption of resources and the capacity to adapt themselves to various environments and to respond with flexibility to emergencies and catastrophes. In this context, the Region of Tuscany proposed the site of the Institute to be in a prestigious Florentine palace.</p><br />
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<p><strong>2009<br /><br />
<em>&ldquo;International Conference on Traditional Knowledge and Living Heritage&rdquo;</em>, Florence, July 11-12 2009, Salone Brunelleschi in Palagio di Parte Guelfa</strong><br /><br />
In the presence of the Director of the UNESCO World Heritage Centre, Francesco Bandarin, and international personalities such as Vandana Shiva and Paul Polack, the issues of heritage conservation as a value and common living good for all communities were confronted. The objective of the International Conference, organized by the founders of ITKI with the participation of the City of Florence, was to create a shared platform to organize and conduct projects, ideas, and visions for a sustainable future.&nbsp; Experts gathered from over 30 countries of the world had the opportunity to present proposals and pilot projects; foundations presented their operational programmes, international bodies their action strategies and businesses their innovative solutions. The strategy and shared vision spread to an international level through the world data bank of traditional knowledge, Traditional Knowledge World Bank (WWW.TKWB.ORG). As a result of the conference, the Declaration of Intent for the establishment of ITKI was signed.&nbsp; &nbsp;</p><br />
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<p><strong>2010</strong><br /><br />
In May 2010 (articles of incorporation registered in Florence on 5/27/2010), the association named &ldquo;ITKI- International Traditional Knowledge Institute&rdquo; was officially created. The Association has its legal headquarters in the City of Bagno a Ripoli (FI), in Via del Bigallo e Apparita, 12- 50012 Bagno a Ripoli, Florence, Italy and an operational office in the &ldquo;Life Beyond Tourism Auditorium al Duomo&rdquo; of the Convention Centre at the Duomo in Florence, Via Cerretani, 54r.</p><br />
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<p><strong>2011</strong><br /><br />
ITKI was officially presented in Paris at the UNESCO headquarters as an initiative of the international body to preserve traditional knowledge and their innovative uses. Present at the event were Pietro Laureano and founding members Paolo del Bianco and Michael Carrington. Following this international presentation, ITKI launched the project &ldquo;Creating an American Oasis (Tucson, USA)&rdquo; presented as well in Paris at the UNESCO Conference to promote the new Convention on the landscape.The City of Tucson, the University of Arizona, and the Native American Nations approved ITKI&rsquo;s proposal to create an oasis in the desert of Arizona to start a programme of conversion of large cities in the American deserts into sustainable cities of the future and to create a local branch of the Institute. Workshops and conferences were held by Pietro Laureano at the University of Arizona in Tucson from November 14 to18 2011 and were attended by faculty members of anthropology, architecture, sociology, and economics, administrators of the University of Tucson, and members of the Native Americans and non-governmental organizations. The conferences and workshops were held thanks to the cooperation between ITKI, the County, the City of Tucson, the non-profit organization Southern Arizona, Native Nations, and especially thanks to the collaboration offered by Giuseppe Biagini who has been living in Tucson and is valued by the scientific community and local institutions for his achievement in information and cataloging of cultural heritage. A mandate was conferred upon Giuseppe Biagini to initiate the establishment of ITKI centre in USA.</p><br />
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<p><strong>2012</strong><br /><br />
Following the earthquake in Emilia and an appeal by the World Director of UNESCO, ITKI highlighted the need for a participatory initiative involving local workers and national scholars and institutions capable of dealing with the emergency in Emilia Romagna, as well as a need to lay the foundation for a methodology replicable in other contexts. Along with the National Cooperative Association of Production and Labour, an initiative called &ldquo;Un Patto per il Sisma&rdquo; (&ldquo;A Pact for the Earthquake&rdquo;) was born. The Pact was presented at a press conference in Bologna, Italy on Friday July 20, 2012. Pietro Laureano, President of ITKI, and Paolo del Bianco, Founding Member, along with Francesca Federzoni of Politecnica were all present. Francesco Bandarin Director of Culture at UNESCO was present through videoconference. The goal was to render this drama a successful experience in Italian disaster management. UNESCO has since added to the methodology used by the Pact to include examples of virtuous response to disasters for the whole world.</p><br />
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<p><strong><em>&ldquo;The International Protection of Landscapes. A Global Assessment on the Occasion of the 40th Anniversary of the World Heritage Convention&rdquo;</em>, September 19&ndash;20, 2012</strong><br /><br />
The conference aimed to promote and create a new ITKI World Convention on the landscape. It opened with a message from HRH The Prince of Wales, and was attended by many organizations of the United Nations, administrators, directors, and experts from all over the world. The conference pointed out the need to preserve the landscape and ecosystems, the procedures for a new UNESCO Convention, and strategies to respond to the global crisis through a new sustainable model. ITKI presented the new platform developed for the World Bank of Knowledge, the Traditional Knowledge World Bank (WWW.TKWB.ORG) with a &ldquo;wiki&rdquo; method that would allow for sharing of information and a more global reach. The conference adopted a declaration on the landscape, the UNESCO Landscape Declaration of Florence.<br /><br />
(http://whc.unesco.org/en/news/943/). The statement was then distributed to the most important global conferences and has become an international benchmark in the development of the problem from the initial conception, limited to monuments, to the UNESCO current wider vision that includes landscapes, knowledge, and communities.</p><br />
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<p><em><strong>&ldquo;Traditional Knowledge and Protection of the Natural Heritage in the Arab Region&rdquo;, October 2 &amp; 5, 2012</strong></em><br /><br />
Pietro Laureano, invited as one of the world&rsquo;s leading experts in the field, held the opening communication to the conference which was organized in Manama, Bahrain by Khalifa Ahmed Al-Khalifa, Director of the Ministry of Culture as part of the Manama-Cultural Capital of the Arab Countries 2012. It was used as an opportunity to present the application of traditional knowledge of the region within the framework of protection of natural and cultural heritage.</p><br />
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<p><strong>2013</strong><br /><br />
Assembly of Shareholders, Monday March 11, 2013 at the Office of Notary Cambi in Via Pizzi, 42 in Bagno a Ripoli (FI) for the approval of the final status. With this assembly and notary approval, ITKI shall provide itself with the statute capable of achieving recognition and be able to operate fully.</p><br />
<h2>ITKI Members</h2><br />
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Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_NATURAL_FORAGE_AND_FIRE_TO_IMPROVE_REGENERATION&diff=10397
GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE NATURAL FORAGE AND FIRE TO IMPROVE REGENERATION
2023-06-15T10:12:23Z
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<!-- <h1 style="font-size: 16px; color: #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 0; font-weight: bold">NATURAL FORAGE AND FIRE TO IMPROVE REGENERATION</h1>--><br />
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<td><font style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 24px; padding: 10px;">GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE</font></td><br />
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<td><font style="font-size: 16px;">Technique: </font></td><br />
<td style="padding-left:10px;"><font style="font-size: 20px; padding-left:10px; font-weight: normal;">NATURAL FORAGE AND FIRE TO IMPROVE REGENERATION</font></td><br />
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<!--<br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Definition characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<p>Description of NATURAL FORAGE AND FIRE TO IMPROVE REGENERATION</p><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">General characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Advantages and sustainability</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Images</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Deepening</h2><br />
<br />
</div><br />
</td><br />
<td align="center" valign="top"><h3>TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE DATA</h3><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 90%; text-align: center;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Technique</td><br />
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<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">NATURAL FORAGE AND FIRE TO IMPROVE REGENERATION</td><br />
</tr><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Icon</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;" align="center"><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/B9b.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /></td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Cathegory</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=B_Agriculture">B - Agriculture</a></td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">B9b</td><br />
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<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=NATURAL_FORAGE_AND_FIRE_TO_IMPROVE_REGENERATION_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #FAE7B4; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=NATURAL_FORAGE_AND_FIRE_TO_IMPROVE_REGENERATION_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE">Local applications of the technique</a></td><br />
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<tr><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=NATURAL_FORAGE_AND_FIRE_TO_IMPROVE_REGENERATION_SUCCESS_STORY"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #D9D3EB; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=NATURAL_FORAGE_AND_FIRE_TO_IMPROVE_REGENERATION_SUCCESS_STORY">Success stories</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=NATURAL_FORAGE_AND_FIRE_TO_IMPROVE_REGENERATION_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #F7DCE5; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=NATURAL_FORAGE_AND_FIRE_TO_IMPROVE_REGENERATION_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS">Innovative technologies and solutions</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td> </td><br />
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</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top; width:40%">Author:</td><br />
<td><br />
<table><br />
<tr><td></td></tr><br />
</table><br />
</td> <br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Other authors:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Reference:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px; background-color: #DBB497; text-align: center;" height="100"><br />
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<td><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/ITKI.jpg" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="ITKI" /><img src="/initcp/img/logo.png" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="TKWB" /><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/sitti.jpg" height="60" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="SITTI" /></td><br />
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Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_PLANT_SPECIES_TO_COMBAT_EROSION&diff=10396
GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE PLANT SPECIES TO COMBAT EROSION
2023-06-15T10:12:23Z
<p>Admintkwb: Text replacement - "http://tkwb.org" to "https://tkwb.org"</p>
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<!-- <h1 style="font-size: 16px; color: #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 0; font-weight: bold">PLANT SPECIES TO COMBAT EROSION</h1>--><br />
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<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><font style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 24px; padding: 10px;">GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE</font></td><br />
<!-- <td align="center" ><font style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 36px; padding: 10px;">TKWB</font></td>--><br />
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<td><font style="font-size: 16px;">Technique: </font></td><br />
<td style="padding-left:10px;"><font style="font-size: 20px; padding-left:10px; font-weight: normal;">PLANT SPECIES TO COMBAT EROSION</font></td><br />
</tr><br />
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</td><br />
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<!--<br />
<h2>TK Links</h2><br />
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--><br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Definition characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<p style="text-align: justify;">Plant species are important in preventing erosion. Plants and trees are used to protect soils and slopes.&nbsp;</p><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">General characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<p style="text-align: justify;">If&nbsp;the soil were not enclosed with an embankment, if it were not made arable by water repartition&nbsp;systems and were not protected by the shade of the plant, it would undergo the destructive action of&nbsp;erosion. Surface salinity would increase, the soil would be demolished and transformed into sand and&nbsp;dispersed by the wind&#39;s action.</p><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Advantages and sustainability</h2><br />
<p style="text-align: justify;">Soil erosion is prevented by the use of plant species to protect from wind by shading and embankments.&nbsp;</p><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Images</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Deepening</h2><br />
<br />
</div><br />
</td><br />
<td align="center" valign="top"><h3>TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE DATA</h3><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 90%; text-align: center;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Technique</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">PLANT SPECIES TO COMBAT EROSION</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Icon</td><br />
</tr><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;" align="center"><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/D5.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Cathegory</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=D_Soil_and_environment_protection">D - Soil and environment protection</a></td><br />
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<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">D5</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 80%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=PLANT_SPECIES_TO_COMBAT_EROSION_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #FAE7B4; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=PLANT_SPECIES_TO_COMBAT_EROSION_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE">Local applications of the technique</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=PLANT_SPECIES_TO_COMBAT_EROSION_SUCCESS_STORY"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #D9D3EB; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=PLANT_SPECIES_TO_COMBAT_EROSION_SUCCESS_STORY">Success stories</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=PLANT_SPECIES_TO_COMBAT_EROSION_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #F7DCE5; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=PLANT_SPECIES_TO_COMBAT_EROSION_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS">Innovative technologies and solutions</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td> </td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top; width:40%">Author:</td><br />
<td><br />
<table><br />
<tr><td>Ipogea</td></tr><br />
</table><br />
</td> <br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Other authors:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Reference:</td><br />
<td>www.ipogea.org</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px; background-color: #DBB497; text-align: center;" height="100"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/ITKI.jpg" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="ITKI" /><img src="/initcp/img/logo.png" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="TKWB" /><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/sitti.jpg" height="60" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="SITTI" /></td><br />
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Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_WELLS_PULLED_BY_ANIMALS&diff=10395
GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE WELLS PULLED BY ANIMALS
2023-06-15T10:12:23Z
<p>Admintkwb: Text replacement - "http://tkwb.org" to "https://tkwb.org"</p>
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<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><font style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 24px; padding: 10px;">GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE</font></td><br />
<!-- <td align="center" ><font style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 36px; padding: 10px;">TKWB</font></td>--><br />
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<img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/C13d.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /><br />
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<div style="padding: 25px; "><br />
<table style="cell-padding:10px;"><br />
<tr style="vertical-align:text-top"><br />
<td><font style="font-size: 16px;">Technique: </font></td><br />
<td style="padding-left:10px;"><font style="font-size: 20px; padding-left:10px; font-weight: normal;">WELLS PULLED BY ANIMALS</font></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
</div><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table> <br />
</div><br />
<!--<br />
<h2>TK Links</h2><br />
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--><br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Definition characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<p>Description for&nbsp;WELLS PULLED BY ANIMALS</p><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">General characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Advantages and sustainability</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Images</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Deepening</h2><br />
<br />
</div><br />
</td><br />
<td align="center" valign="top"><h3>TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE DATA</h3><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 90%; text-align: center;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Technique</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">WELLS PULLED BY ANIMALS</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Icon</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 120px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;" align="center"><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/C13d.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Cathegory</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=C_Water_management">C - Water management</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">C13d</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 80%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=WELLS_PULLED_BY_ANIMALS_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #FAE7B4; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=WELLS_PULLED_BY_ANIMALS_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE">Local applications of the technique</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=WELLS_PULLED_BY_ANIMALS_SUCCESS_STORY"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #D9D3EB; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=WELLS_PULLED_BY_ANIMALS_SUCCESS_STORY">Success stories</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=WELLS_PULLED_BY_ANIMALS_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #F7DCE5; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=WELLS_PULLED_BY_ANIMALS_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS">Innovative technologies and solutions</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td> </td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top; width:40%">Author:</td><br />
<td><br />
<table><br />
<tr><td></td></tr><br />
</table><br />
</td> <br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Other authors:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Reference:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px; background-color: #DBB497; text-align: center;" height="100"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/ITKI.jpg" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="ITKI" /><img src="/initcp/img/logo.png" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="TKWB" /><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/sitti.jpg" height="60" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="SITTI" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
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Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_IMPORTANT_TRADITIONAL_ARCHITECTURE&diff=10394
GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE IMPORTANT TRADITIONAL ARCHITECTURE
2023-06-15T10:12:23Z
<p>Admintkwb: Text replacement - "http://tkwb.org" to "https://tkwb.org"</p>
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<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:<span style="display:none">{{FULLPAGENAME}}</span>}}<br />
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<!-- <h1 style="font-size: 16px; color: #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 0; font-weight: bold">IMPORTANT TRADITIONAL ARCHITECTURE</h1>--><br />
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<td><font style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 24px; padding: 10px;">GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE</font></td><br />
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<td><font style="font-size: 16px;">Technique: </font></td><br />
<td style="padding-left:10px;"><font style="font-size: 20px; padding-left:10px; font-weight: normal;">IMPORTANT TRADITIONAL ARCHITECTURE</font></td><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">General characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Advantages and sustainability</h2><br />
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<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Deepening</h2><br />
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</td><br />
<td align="center" valign="top"><h3>TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE DATA</h3><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Technique</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">IMPORTANT TRADITIONAL ARCHITECTURE</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Cathegory</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=E_Settlements_architecture_and_movable_handworks">E - Settlements, architecture and movable handworks</a></td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">E7</td><br />
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<td><a href="/index.php?title=IMPORTANT_TRADITIONAL_ARCHITECTURE_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #F7DCE5; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
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<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
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<td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td><br />
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Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_HYDRAULIC_DEVICES&diff=10393
GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE HYDRAULIC DEVICES
2023-06-15T10:12:23Z
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<!-- <h1 style="font-size: 16px; color: #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 0; font-weight: bold">HYDRAULIC DEVICES</h1>--><br />
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<td><font style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 24px; padding: 10px;">GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE</font></td><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Definition characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<p style="text-align: justify;">When there are particular&nbsp;geographic conditions, specific water technologies form the basis of the entire landscape organisation.&nbsp;</p><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">General characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<p style="text-align: justify;">This is the case of the high mountains in the Valais region in Switzerland. Here the winds sweep the slopes after having released all their humidity in the ascending phase along the opposite slopes, and in areas that should be humid at this latitude, they give rise to piedmont deserts, chasing away the clouds, creating high pressures and arid conditions. The fields would not look green and fertile if they were not irrigated by the bisse, which draw water from the glaciers or from the head-waters of streams and carry it through the mountain ridges and down the arid valleys, creating settlements, pastures and crop fields at the bottom. The same practice, called ru, is present in Valle d&rsquo;Aosta. Under different geomorphologic conditions, the water system known as feixe is used on the island of Ibiza to control alternating situations of excess water and of aridity. Marsh water is drained into a network of channels and then conveyed along porous pipes beneath the fields. Thus the crops can tap the water they need directly through their roots, by means of the feixe system that regulates winter excesses and saves water during summer droughts.&nbsp;<span style="font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.6em;">In the Negev desert, along the Wadi Araba and in Jordan the prehistoric remains of innumerable hydraulic devices prove the existence of appropriate techniques for making the desert fertile and life-supporting by capturing humidity and protecting the soil. Similar devices are found in the Saharan Neolithic, in the Arabian Desert and in the Yemen and they subsequently spread all over the Mediterranean. In&nbsp;</span>some circumstances the water supply is only available in the underground sediments. Consequently, surface run-off takes place thanks to embankments that, using the water intakes located at the bottom, tap the water harvested on the deposits upstream of the dam. When this system does not work, water is extracted by means of wells that thanks to underground dams catch the humidity stored in the subsoil. The buckets are lifted up by a long rocker arm that is fixed with a balance weight and placed on two tall adobe uprights. This technique is known as&nbsp;<em>khottara</em>&nbsp;in the Algerian Sahara and is similar to the Arabian&nbsp;<em>shaduf</em>&nbsp;technique.&nbsp;In Yemen, during dry seasons the water preserved in the sediments is taken from wells built by means of a typical Yemenite technique that ensures maximum saving of the energy used by the dromedary to pull the rope with the bucket full of water. The well is raised several metres above ground level and the top can be reached by means of a long ramp. The dromedary follows this steep path without wasting any energy while the empty bucket goes down. Subsequently, when the dromedary lifts the full bucket by pulling the rope keeping itself far from the well it is favoured by the downward path of the ramp.&nbsp;</p><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Advantages and sustainability</h2><br />
<p style="text-align: justify;">A variety of hydraulic devices are used depending on each climate and its specific characteristics and needs. These hydaulic devices capture or create water for populations and the proceses that make their survival possible.&nbsp;</p><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Images</h2><br />
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<td align="center" valign="top"><h3>TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE DATA</h3><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Technique</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">HYDRAULIC DEVICES</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;" align="center"><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/C13.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /></td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Cathegory</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=C_Water_management">C - Water management</a></td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">C13</td><br />
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<td><a href="/index.php?title=HYDRAULIC_DEVICES_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #FAE7B4; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=HYDRAULIC_DEVICES_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE">Local applications of the technique</a></td><br />
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<td><a href="/index.php?title=HYDRAULIC_DEVICES_SUCCESS_STORY"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #D9D3EB; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=HYDRAULIC_DEVICES_SUCCESS_STORY">Success stories</a></td><br />
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<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=HYDRAULIC_DEVICES_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS">Innovative technologies and solutions</a></td><br />
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<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
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<td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td><br />
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<td> </td><br />
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<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
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<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top; width:40%">Author:</td><br />
<td><br />
<table><br />
<tr><td>Ipogea</td></tr><br />
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</td> <br />
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<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Other authors:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Reference:</td><br />
<td>www.ipogea.org</td><br />
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Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_STONE_BARROWS&diff=10392
GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE STONE BARROWS
2023-06-15T10:12:23Z
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<!-- <h1 style="font-size: 16px; color: #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 0; font-weight: bold">STONE BARROWS</h1>--><br />
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<td><font style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 24px; padding: 10px;">GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE</font></td><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Definition characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<p style="text-align: justify;">The barrows act as constructions for the condensation and storage of the water.</p><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">General characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<p style="text-align: justify;">They preserve the hydromorphic qualities of the soil by acting as thermoregulators and controlling the humidity both in aird and deeply cold climate conditions. Thus, they help to supply the soil with liquid water that is to be used by the plants and prevent the water from freezing. The so-called solar tombs of the Sahara desert, made out of concentric rings around a barrow, are linked to the ancient water harvesting methods and water cults. An explanation for the mysterious long lines of stones, which sometimes branch out from the ring like long tentacles, thus making the monuments look like a curious space probe, is that they were water collectors. The early shapes of the barrow, which is a structure with pseudo domes having a circular base and an outside mound-shaped profile consisted of&nbsp;hypogeal constructions with a rectangular entry, called dromos, and leading to a pseudo circular dome that is called tholos in Greek.&nbsp;</p><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Advantages and sustainability</h2><br />
<p style="text-align: justify;">Stone barrows regulate the temperature and the humidity of the soils allowing for a water supply for the soils which is then absorbed by the plants.&nbsp;</p><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Images</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Deepening</h2><br />
<br />
</div><br />
</td><br />
<td align="center" valign="top"><h3>TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE DATA</h3><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 90%; text-align: center;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Technique</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">STONE BARROWS</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;" align="center"><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/C11b.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /></td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Cathegory</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=C_Water_management">C - Water management</a></td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">C11b</td><br />
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<td><a href="/index.php?title=STONE_BARROWS_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #FAE7B4; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=STONE_BARROWS_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE">Local applications of the technique</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
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<td><a href="/index.php?title=STONE_BARROWS_SUCCESS_STORY"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #D9D3EB; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=STONE_BARROWS_SUCCESS_STORY">Success stories</a></td><br />
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<td><a href="/index.php?title=STONE_BARROWS_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #F7DCE5; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=STONE_BARROWS_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS">Innovative technologies and solutions</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td><br />
</tr><br />
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<td> </td><br />
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</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top; width:40%">Author:</td><br />
<td><br />
<table><br />
<tr><td>Ipogea</td></tr><br />
</table><br />
</td> <br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Other authors:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Reference:</td><br />
<td>www.ipogea.org</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
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INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND SOLUTIONS Wind Energy 10
2023-06-15T10:12:22Z
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<h1 style="font-size: 16px; color: #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 0; font-weight: bold">Wind Energy </h1><br />
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<td><font style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 24px; padding: 10px;">INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND SOLUTIONS</font></td><br />
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<img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/F6.jpg" style="padding: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_ARCHITECTURE_FOR_MANAGING_ENERGY_AND_RESOURCES" /><br />
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<font style="font-size: 16px; padding-left: 0px;">Technique:</font><br />
<font style="font-size: 20px; ">ARCHITECTURE FOR MANAGING ENERGY AND RESOURCES</font><br />
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<font style="font-size: 16px; padding-left: 42px;">Title:</font><br />
<font style="font-size: 20px; ">Wind Energy </font><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Description of the innovative solution</h2><p>Wind energy and windmill is used to generate electricity for villagers and herdsmen in rangeland areas in northern China, South America and parts of Africa, especially in rural and mountain areas. Small windmill can be constructed around the settlements to meet for daily needs for pumping water, operating TV set and generating of electricity.&nbsp;</p><br />
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<p>In arid Xinjiang Region of China, because of lack of coal and water resources and consequently the power electricity and hydraulic electricity are limited, wind and solar energies are considered the main potentials to be developed for cultivating land, pumping waters, heating houses and cooking food. In arid provinces in China, the need for energy in the old time was met through cutting trees, shrubs and even semi-shrub and grasses. Such unwise cutting or undue collection of fuel wood caused serious deforestation, clearance of shrub vegetation, and disappearance of sparse plant communities in desert region. Desertification is caused by destruction of vegetation. Collection of fuel wood was the only way for local people to cook and heat. The cutting of plants for energy was the single source for local energy consumption.</p><br />
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<p>It can be concluded that desertification will be accelerated and enlarged if no other effective measures are developed to solve the problem of fuel energy shortage. In collaboration with developed provinces and international organizations, Xinjiang has work for many years on the development of windmill and solar energy in the arid region and successful achievements have been made for producing the installation of windmill and solar energy. Similar models are common in Palm Spring of USA. In over-grazed steppe area of Ulan Qarb of China, small-scale windmills are developed for heating, cooking and providing low voltage electricity to fence the degraded steppe and prevent them from over-grazing. Windmill is also used to pump water and operating TV instead of importing electricity from long distance.</p><br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Advantages and sustainability</h2><p>Reduces deforestation, safe and clean emissions, does not produce greenhouse gases that will increase the Earth&rsquo;s temperature and cause acid rain.&nbsp;</p><br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Images</h2><p><img src="http://www.solarrochester.com/content/images/wind%20turbine2(1).jpg" /></p><br />
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<p><img src="http://blog.crdp-versailles.fr/euro3/public/wind_turbine_drawing_1_.gif" /></p><br />
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<td align="center" valign="top"><h3>TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE DATA</h3><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Technique</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="index.php?title=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_ARCHITECTURE_FOR_MANAGING_ENERGY_AND_RESOURCES">ARCHITECTURE FOR MANAGING ENERGY AND RESOURCES</a></td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;" align="center"><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/F6.jpg" style="padding: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_ARCHITECTURE_FOR_MANAGING_ENERGY_AND_RESOURCES" /></td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Cathegory</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><span style="cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="F_Energy_and_resources_management" >F - Energy and resources management</span></td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">F6</td><br />
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<td><a href="index.php?title=ARCHITECTURE_FOR_MANAGING_ENERGY_AND_RESOURCES_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #F7DCE5; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="index.php?title=ARCHITECTURE_FOR_MANAGING_ENERGY_AND_RESOURCES_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS">Other innovative technologies</a></td><br />
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<td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td><br />
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<td>Reference:</td><br />
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<td colspan="2" align="center"><span style="cursor: pointer; padding-right: 20px;">Deepening</span><span style="cursor: pointer;">Download PDF</span></td><br />
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http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_USAGE_DESTINATION_AND_PECULIAR_DISTRIBUTIVE_FEATURES&diff=10390
GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE USAGE DESTINATION AND PECULIAR DISTRIBUTIVE FEATURES
2023-06-15T10:12:22Z
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<td style="padding-left:10px;"><font style="font-size: 20px; padding-left:10px; font-weight: normal;">USAGE DESTINATION AND PECULIAR DISTRIBUTIVE FEATURES</font></td><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">General characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Technique</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=E_Settlements_architecture_and_movable_handworks">E - Settlements, architecture and movable handworks</a></td><br />
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<td><a href="/index.php?title=USAGE_DESTINATION_AND_PECULIAR_DISTRIBUTIVE_FEATURES_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #FAE7B4; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
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</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=USAGE_DESTINATION_AND_PECULIAR_DISTRIBUTIVE_FEATURES_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE">Local applications of the technique</a></td><br />
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<td><a href="/index.php?title=USAGE_DESTINATION_AND_PECULIAR_DISTRIBUTIVE_FEATURES_SUCCESS_STORY"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #D9D3EB; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
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http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_PLOUGHING_AND_WATER_SPRINKLING&diff=10389
GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE PLOUGHING AND WATER SPRINKLING
2023-06-15T10:12:22Z
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<br />
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<td><a href="/index.php?title=PLOUGHING_AND_WATER_SPRINKLING_SUCCESS_STORY"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #D9D3EB; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
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<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=PLOUGHING_AND_WATER_SPRINKLING_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS">Innovative technologies and solutions</a></td><br />
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<td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td><br />
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GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE CULTIVATION OF LIVING FENCES
2023-06-15T10:12:22Z
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Floodplain management<br/>Silt<br/>Siviculture<br/>Permaculture<br/>Sustainability<br/>Living fences<br/><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Definition characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
The conscious cultivation of specialized plant species to form living fences for various applications. <br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">General characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
Different cultures around the world have developed techniques of using living fences for various purposes. Specialized species of trees and other plants are planted in an organized fashion and maintained in a manner specialized for the application. Living fences have provided cultures with sustainable methods of floodplain management, erosion control, soil fertilization, and permaculture ecosystem development, in addition to basic use as a barrier. <br />
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Please see "local applications" for information regarding the variety of methodologies employed under the umbrella term "living fences". <br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Advantages and sustainability</h2><br />
Floodplain management -- Living fence-rows using trees and woven brush prevent erosion of arable land along floodplain, while also helping to capture floodwater sediment to fertilize fields. <br />
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Field protection -- Living fences can provide effective long-term barriers to protect agricultural fields. Various methods of fence cultivation can be used to create effective long-term barriers around fields or simply demarcate property lines.<br />
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Field fertilization and permaculture development -- The judicious use of certain plant species contributes to the creation of permaculture ecosystems within and around agricultural fields. Living fences can fixate nitrogen in soil (leguminates), produce mulch, food, and fodder, provide habitat for edible or agriculturally beneficial species, and improve water infiltration in soil. <br />
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SOURCES:<br />
1) Nabhan, Gary Paul, and Thomas Edward Sheridan. "Living Fencerows of the Rio San Miguel, Sonora, Mexico: Traditional Technology for Floodplain Management." Human Ecology Hum Ecol 5.2 (1977): 97-111. JSTOR . Web. 8 July 2015<br />
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2) Budowski, Gerardo, and Ricardo O. Russo. "Live Fence Posts in Costa Rica." Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 3.2 (1993): 65-87. Scribd. Web. 8 July 2015.<br />
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3) Johnson, Jolene K. Hohokam Ecology: The Ancient Desert People and Their Environment. Washington, D.C.?: National Park Service, 1997. Print.<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Images</h2><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Deepening</h2><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=B_Agriculture">B - Agriculture</a></td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">B14</td><br />
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<td><a href="/index.php?title=CULTIVATION_OF_LIVING_FENCES_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #FAE7B4; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
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</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=CULTIVATION_OF_LIVING_FENCES_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE">Local applications of the technique</a></td><br />
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</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=CULTIVATION_OF_LIVING_FENCES_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS">Innovative technologies and solutions</a></td><br />
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<td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td><br />
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<td> <div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B9</div><a href="/index.php/GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_TECHNIQUES_OF_SOIL_FERTILISATION"> <img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/B9.jpg" width="100" height="100" />TECHNIQUES OF SOIL FERTILISATION </a></div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B10c</div><a href="/index.php/GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_IRRIGATION_BY_FLOOD_RECESSION"> <img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/B10c.jpg" width="100" height="100" />IRRIGATION BY FLOOD RECESSION </a></div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">D5</div><a href="/index.php/GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_PLANT_SPECIES_TO_COMBAT_EROSION"> <img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/D5.jpg" width="100" height="100" />PLANT SPECIES TO COMBAT EROSION </a></div> </td><br />
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<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top; width:40%">Author:</td><br />
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<tr><td><a href="http://web.tkwb.org/tkwb/public/getPublicPersonalPage?id=79">Tynan Hartzell</a></td></tr><br />
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GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE PROMARY PRACTICE OF NATURAL FERTILIZATION
2023-06-15T10:12:22Z
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<h1 style="font-size: 16px; color: #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 0; font-weight: bold">PROMARY PRACTICE OF NATURAL FERTILIZATION</h1><br />
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<font style="font-size: 16px;">Technique:</font><font style="font-size: 22px; font-weight: bold;">PROMARY PRACTICE OF NATURAL FERTILIZATION</font><br />
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<h1>DEFINITION CHARACTERS DESCRIPTION AND DIFFUSION</h1><p>In the Neolithic age, man developed certain practices because of three essential conditions: a) the availability of fruitful seeds and domestic animals; b) fertile soils; c) water. The organization of productive and sedentary life depended on the existence of these conditions. The need for fertile soils fostered the acquisition of practical know-how for applying manure, humus formation and soil structure, soil protection and maintenancee: on these principles depended the organization of space.&nbsp;Drainage systems, canals and irrigation and reclamation methods allow plains to be used for agriculture. The use of manure as a fertilizer and fallowing make agriculture more productive. Natural fertilizers integrate breeding and husbandry and supply soils with the necessary organic material.&nbsp;</p><br />
<h1 style="margin-top: 50px;">GENERAL CHARACTERS DESCRIPTION AND DIFFUSION</h1><p>The so-called entrenched villages in the Apulia district of Daunia and on the plateau of the Murgia, in Basilicata, settled from the 7th to the 4th millennium, was not used for defensive purposes but in the Neolithic Age their function was more likely to have been connected with breeding and farming practices. The digging of ditches developed around cave-dwellers&#39; habits that were widespread and continued in these areas until the modern era. In the south of Italy, the climate ranged from freezing winters to scorching summers. Water shortage fostered practices for meteoric water collection and underground storage. On the Ethiopian highlands, on the slopes of the Rift Valley&#39;s ridges, in the sunny lowland valleys, there are thousands of villages, where unchanging pratices and knowledge are handed down. These structures are still used. During the rainy season, the ditches serve as drainage systems that keep the soil dry, thus protecting huts and orchards. Once harvested, water is stored in the lower part of the ditches to be used during drought periods. Being free from water, the upstream sections of the ditches can be used to count cattle and sheep, to milk or shear them, sometimes to shelter and hide them. Waste from the village, animal carases and manure end up in these trenches as well. In this way, when irrigated, the fields are also fertilized.&nbsp;</p><br />
<h1 style="margin-top: 50px;">ADVANTAGES AND SUSTAINABILITY</h1><p>Natural fertilization is not only sustainable but is beneficial because the material used to fertilize is organic and allows for better soils.&nbsp;</p><br />
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</div></a><a href="index.php?title=PROMARY_PRACTICE_OF_NATURAL_FERTILIZATION_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS">Innovative technologies and solutions</a></td><br />
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<td>IPOGEA, www.ipogea.org</td><br />
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GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE TABOO GOODS AND RULES FOR ACCESS TO RESOURCES
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<td style="padding-left:10px;"><font style="font-size: 20px; padding-left:10px; font-weight: normal;">TABOO-GOODS AND RULES FOR ACCESS TO RESOURCES</font></td><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Definition characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<p style="text-align: justify;">Systems of water distribution in the Sahara are reproduced in carpet drawings and in women&#39;s hairstyles. They are part of a complex symbolism linked to life, fertility and the generations.&nbsp;</p><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">General characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<p style="text-align: justify;">Spiritual principles make rules sacred and guarantee their perpetuation as in the case of the African sacred woods with their restricted access and of the whole set of taboo-objects, practices which guarantee the regeneration of forests, the saving of environmental resources and the land as reserves for nature and human communities. Rules forbidding certain sorts of food and taboos in some areas guaranteed the saving of nature&#39;s resources and the regeneration of the ecosystem, at the same time providing useful supplies in case of need. For instance, traditionally, fuels made from animal dung were used, or only the dry parts and branches of trees were cut in order to respect and protect them in the name of sacred symbolism.</p><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Advantages and sustainability</h2><br />
<p style="text-align: justify;">These taboos and sacred rules acted as a means for preserving resources that might have been otherwise exploited.&nbsp;</p><br />
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</div><br />
</td><br />
<td align="center" valign="top"><h3>TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE DATA</h3><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 90%; text-align: center;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Technique</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">TABOO-GOODS AND RULES FOR ACCESS TO RESOURCES</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Icon</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 120px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;" align="center"><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/A1.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Cathegory</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=A_Silviculture_breeding_hunting_and_harvesting">A - Silviculture, breeding, hunting and harvesting</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">A1</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 80%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=TABOO_GOODS_AND_RULES_FOR_ACCESS_TO_RESOURCES_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #FAE7B4; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=TABOO_GOODS_AND_RULES_FOR_ACCESS_TO_RESOURCES_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE">Local applications of the technique</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=TABOO_GOODS_AND_RULES_FOR_ACCESS_TO_RESOURCES_SUCCESS_STORY"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #D9D3EB; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=TABOO_GOODS_AND_RULES_FOR_ACCESS_TO_RESOURCES_SUCCESS_STORY">Success stories</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=TABOO_GOODS_AND_RULES_FOR_ACCESS_TO_RESOURCES_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #F7DCE5; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=TABOO_GOODS_AND_RULES_FOR_ACCESS_TO_RESOURCES_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS">Innovative technologies and solutions</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td> </td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top; width:40%">Author:</td><br />
<td><br />
<table><br />
<tr><td>IPOGEA, www.ipogea.org</td></tr><br />
</table><br />
</td> <br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Other authors:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Reference:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px; background-color: #DBB497; text-align: center;" height="100"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/ITKI.jpg" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="ITKI" /><img src="/initcp/img/logo.png" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="TKWB" /><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/sitti.jpg" height="60" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="SITTI" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
</html></div>
Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_TRADITIONAL_URBAN_LAYOUT&diff=10385
GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE TRADITIONAL URBAN LAYOUT
2023-06-15T10:12:22Z
<p>Admintkwb: Text replacement - "http://tkwb.org" to "https://tkwb.org"</p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:<span style="display:none">{{FULLPAGENAME}}</span>}}<br />
<html><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><br />
<br />
<!-- <h1 style="font-size: 16px; color: #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 0; font-weight: bold">TRADITIONAL URBAN LAYOUT</h1>--><br />
<table width="100%" style="background-color: #DBB497" border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><font style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 24px; padding: 10px;">GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE</font></td><br />
<!-- <td align="center" ><font style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 36px; padding: 10px;">TKWB</font></td>--><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td colspan="2"><br />
<table width="100%" style="background-color: #FFFFFF; "><br />
<tr><br />
<td width="80%" style="border: 1px solid #000000; vertical-align: top;" align="left"><br />
<div style="margin: 20px;"><br />
<div style="border: 2px solid #000000; min-height: 81px; margin-bottom: 50px;"><br />
<table><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/E9.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<div style="padding: 25px; "><br />
<table style="cell-padding:10px;"><br />
<tr style="vertical-align:text-top"><br />
<td><font style="font-size: 16px;">Technique: </font></td><br />
<td style="padding-left:10px;"><font style="font-size: 20px; padding-left:10px; font-weight: normal;">TRADITIONAL URBAN LAYOUT</font></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
</div><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table> <br />
</div><br />
<!--<br />
<h2>TK Links</h2><br />
<br />
--><br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Definition characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<p>Description for&nbsp;TRADITIONAL URBAN LAYOUT</p><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">General characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Advantages and sustainability</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Images</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Deepening</h2><br />
<br />
</div><br />
</td><br />
<td align="center" valign="top"><h3>TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE DATA</h3><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 90%; text-align: center;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Technique</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">TRADITIONAL URBAN LAYOUT</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Icon</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 120px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;" align="center"><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/E9.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Cathegory</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=E_Settlements_architecture_and_movable_handworks">E - Settlements, architecture and movable handworks</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">E9</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 80%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=TRADITIONAL_URBAN_LAYOUT_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #FAE7B4; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=TRADITIONAL_URBAN_LAYOUT_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE">Local applications of the technique</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=TRADITIONAL_URBAN_LAYOUT_SUCCESS_STORY"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #D9D3EB; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=TRADITIONAL_URBAN_LAYOUT_SUCCESS_STORY">Success stories</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=TRADITIONAL_URBAN_LAYOUT_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #F7DCE5; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=TRADITIONAL_URBAN_LAYOUT_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS">Innovative technologies and solutions</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td> </td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top; width:40%">Author:</td><br />
<td><br />
<table><br />
<tr><td></td></tr><br />
</table><br />
</td> <br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Other authors:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Reference:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px; background-color: #DBB497; text-align: center;" height="100"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/ITKI.jpg" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="ITKI" /><img src="/initcp/img/logo.png" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="TKWB" /><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/sitti.jpg" height="60" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="SITTI" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
</html></div>
Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE&diff=10384
GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE
2023-06-15T10:12:22Z
<p>Admintkwb: Text replacement - "http://tkwb.org" to "https://tkwb.org"</p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:<span style="display:none">{{FULLPAGENAME}}</span>}}<br />
<html><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><br />
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<!-- <h1 style="font-size: 16px; color: #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 0; font-weight: bold"></h1>--><br />
<table width="100%" style="background-color: #DBB497" border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><font style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 24px; padding: 10px;">GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE</font></td><br />
<!-- <td align="center" ><font style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 36px; padding: 10px;">TKWB</font></td>--><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td colspan="2"><br />
<table width="100%" style="background-color: #FFFFFF; "><br />
<tr><br />
<td width="80%" style="border: 1px solid #000000; vertical-align: top;" align="left"><br />
<div style="margin: 20px;"><br />
<div style="border: 2px solid #000000; min-height: 81px; margin-bottom: 50px;"><br />
<table><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<div style="padding: 25px; "><br />
<table style="cell-padding:10px;"><br />
<tr style="vertical-align:text-top"><br />
<td><font style="font-size: 16px;">Technique: </font></td><br />
<td style="padding-left:10px;"><font style="font-size: 20px; padding-left:10px; font-weight: normal;"></font></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
</div><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table> <br />
</div><br />
<h2>TK Links</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Definition characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">General characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Advantages and sustainability</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Images</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Deepening</h2><br />
<br />
</div><br />
</td><br />
<td align="center" valign="top"><h3>TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE DATA</h3><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 90%; text-align: center;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Technique</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Icon</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 120px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;" align="center"><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Cathegory</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=n-a"></a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 80%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #FAE7B4; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE">Local applications of the technique</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=SUCCESS_STORY"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #D9D3EB; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=SUCCESS_STORY">Success stories</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #F7DCE5; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS">Innovative technologies and solutions</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td> </td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top; width:40%">Author:</td><br />
<td><br />
<table><br />
<tr><td></td></tr><br />
</table><br />
</td> <br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Other authors:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Reference:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px; background-color: #DBB497; text-align: center;" height="100"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/ITKI.jpg" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="ITKI" /><img src="/initcp/img/logo.png" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="TKWB" /><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/sitti.jpg" height="60" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="SITTI" /></td><br />
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</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
</tr><br />
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http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_SYSTEMS_OF_HOUSEHOLD_WASTE_MANAGEMENT&diff=10383
GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE SYSTEMS OF HOUSEHOLD WASTE MANAGEMENT
2023-06-15T10:12:22Z
<p>Admintkwb: Text replacement - "http://tkwb.org" to "https://tkwb.org"</p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:<span style="display:none">{{FULLPAGENAME}}</span>}}<br />
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><br />
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<!-- <h1 style="font-size: 16px; color: #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 0; font-weight: bold">SYSTEMS OF HOUSEHOLD WASTE MANAGEMENT</h1>--><br />
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<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><font style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 24px; padding: 10px;">GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE</font></td><br />
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<td width="80%" style="border: 1px solid #000000; vertical-align: top;" align="left"><br />
<div style="margin: 20px;"><br />
<div style="border: 2px solid #000000; min-height: 81px; margin-bottom: 50px;"><br />
<table><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/F6c.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<div style="padding: 25px; "><br />
<table style="cell-padding:10px;"><br />
<tr style="vertical-align:text-top"><br />
<td><font style="font-size: 16px;">Technique: </font></td><br />
<td style="padding-left:10px;"><font style="font-size: 20px; padding-left:10px; font-weight: normal;">SYSTEMS OF HOUSEHOLD WASTE MANAGEMENT</font></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
</div><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table> <br />
</div><br />
<!--<br />
<h2>TK Links</h2><br />
<br />
--><br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Definition characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<p>Description of&nbsp;SYSTEMS OF HOUSEHOLD WASTE MANAGEMENT</p><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">General characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Advantages and sustainability</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Images</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Deepening</h2><br />
<br />
</div><br />
</td><br />
<td align="center" valign="top"><h3>TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE DATA</h3><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 90%; text-align: center;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Technique</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">SYSTEMS OF HOUSEHOLD WASTE MANAGEMENT</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Icon</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 120px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;" align="center"><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/F6c.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Cathegory</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=F_Energy_and_resources_management">F - Energy and resources management</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">F6c</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
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<td><a href="/index.php?title=SYSTEMS_OF_HOUSEHOLD_WASTE_MANAGEMENT_SUCCESS_STORY"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #D9D3EB; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
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<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=SYSTEMS_OF_HOUSEHOLD_WASTE_MANAGEMENT_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS">Innovative technologies and solutions</a></td><br />
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GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE EXCAVATION AND DRAINAGE SYSTEM USED IN MINES
2023-06-15T10:12:22Z
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<!-- <h1 style="font-size: 16px; color: #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 0; font-weight: bold">EXCAVATION AND DRAINAGE SYSTEM USED IN MINES</h1>--><br />
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<td><font style="font-size: 16px;">Technique: </font></td><br />
<td style="padding-left:10px;"><font style="font-size: 20px; padding-left:10px; font-weight: normal;">EXCAVATION AND DRAINAGE SYSTEM USED IN MINES</font></td><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Definition characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<p>Description for&nbsp;EXCAVATION AND DRAINAGE SYSTEM USED IN MINES</p><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">General characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Advantages and sustainability</h2><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Deepening</h2><br />
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<td align="center" valign="top"><h3>TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE DATA</h3><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">EXCAVATION AND DRAINAGE SYSTEM USED IN MINES</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;" align="center"><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/C12a.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /></td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Cathegory</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=C_Water_management">C - Water management</a></td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">C12a</td><br />
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<br />
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<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=EXCAVATION_AND_DRAINAGE_SYSTEM_USED_IN_MINES_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS">Innovative technologies and solutions</a></td><br />
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<td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td><br />
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<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Other authors:</td><br />
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LOCAL APPLICATION OF THE TECHNIQUE LARGE TERRACING SYSTEMS 9
2023-06-15T10:12:22Z
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<!-- <h1 style="font-size: 16px; color: #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 0; font-weight: bold">LARGE TERRACING SYSTEMS - Naples, Amalfi Coast, Ischia</h1>--><br />
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<td><font style="font-size: 16px; padding-left: 8px;">Technique:</font></td><br />
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<td><font style="font-size: 16px; ">Local name:</font></td><br />
<td style="padding-left:10px;"><font style="font-size: 20px;">Naples, Amalfi Coast, Ischia</font></td><br />
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<td><font style="font-size: 16px; padding-left: 54px;">Site:</font></td><br />
<td style="padding-left:10px;"><font style="font-size: 20px;">Naples, Amalfi Coast, Ischia</font></td><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Location</h2><br />
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<td width="196"><img onclick="window.open('http://web.tkwb.org/tkwb/public/getMap?latitude=40.73&longitude=13.94&technique=B1a.jpg')" style=" cursor: pointer; height: 174px;" src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/earth.jpg" ><br />
<p align="center">Click the globe to see the techinique on Google Map</p><br />
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<td><b>Continent:</b> Europe<br />
<br><br />
<b>Country:</b> Italy<br />
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<b>Site:</b> Phlegraean Fields, Amalfi Coast, Island of Ischia, Sorrento Peninsula, and Island of Capri <br />
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<b>Coordinates:</b><br />
<br>Lat: <br />
40.73<br />
<br>Long: <br />
13.94</td><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Description of the local variant of the technique</h2><br />
<p style="text-align: justify;">In the region of Campania of the Gulf of Naples (including the Phlegraean Fields, Ischia, the Sorrento Peninsula, Capri, and the Amalfi Coast), the terracing system is the principle instrument of organization of the territory. In the zone of the Phlegraean Fields, due to a strong anthropization and a semi-flat orography, the presence of terracing is less evident than elsewhere. They are however recognizable on the inside of important archeological spaces along the slopes of volcanoes like the area of the Astroni crater. The area was most likely the center of transposition and of the diffusion of techniques (for example in the use of dry stone or stone bonded by mortar).&nbsp;<span style="font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.6em;">In the Amalfi Coast the landscape is organized like a Mediterranean garden made up of little cultivated plots of land, systems of collecting and distributing water and constructed pavilions. The houses follow the trend of cultivated terraces: they have as a base the terrace itself, the access ladders are built according to the lines of water, the terraces provided with a hanging garden formed by the ground floor above. The construction techniques of the sustaining masonry are made up of dry wall which in cases of higher elevation require the use of mortar in the base. On the upper edge of the dry wall there may be a curb called &ldquo;lacerto&rdquo; or &ldquo;cottimo&rdquo; which has the function of compacting the structure of the wall and of protecting it from the above part exposed to deterioration. The citrus groves are protected from the cold by a cage formed by three poles of chestnut wood 4 to 5 meters high, connected at the top to form the frame of a regular pyramid. This structure is maintained for 3 to 4 years, after which a definitive wooden pergola structure is produced.&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.6em;">On the Island of Ischia, the terracing is present mostly in the area of Forio, and they are designed for the cultivation of vines. The stone used in the dry walls is volcanic stone and has the typical greenish color (&ldquo;paracine&rdquo;). The stone blocks are not extracted from a quarry but recovered on site, from which their irregular form derives. The stones are completely assembled dry, without the use of mortar. The containment walls do not exceed 2 to 2.5 meters in height and do not emerge ever from the terrain with the last row of stones almost always remaining flush with the terrain itself. The terracing is connected by a system of very steep stairs and ramps that become, in times of rain, the disposal system for the water. The stairs can be either parallel or perpendicular to the dry walls.&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.6em;">In the Sorrento Peninsula, exposed and north-east facing, every particle cultivated is enclosed by containment walls. The wall, either dry or bonded, is not used solely on the slopes for the creation of embankments, but encloses the crops in the plains in extraordinary continuity. The process is amplified in time with the diffusion of the cultivation of citrus, which is highly profitable. The walls built in blocks of igneous rocks contain the ground in the upstream part of the slope and serve as security fence and shelter from the wind on the other side. This protection is further increased in height by elevations of the walls made of wooden poles and straw mats called &quot;pagliarelle.&quot; By tradition, under this cover hot vapors are produced by creating an additional warmth, burning wet straw and leaves of grass, a practice already observed during the time of the Romans. Given the need for poles of chestnut wood for the realization of the pergolas, each cultivated field is associated with a plot of forest that renews the resource of the poles at the same time in which it is consumed.&nbsp;</span></p><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Survival prospects</h2><br />
<p>Preserved and Functional&nbsp;</p><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Images</h2><br />
<p><img alt="" src="https://tkwb.org/libs/kcfinder/upload/images/Imagine%20Scheda%202%20tecnica%20B1a%20.png" style="width: 1031px; height: 581px;" /></p><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Deepening</h2><br />
<br />
<br/><br />
</div></td><br />
<td align="center" valign="top"><h3>TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE DATA</h3><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 90%; text-align: center;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Technique</td><br />
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<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_LARGE_TERRACING_SYSTEMS">LARGE TERRACING SYSTEMS</a></td><br />
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<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Icon</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;" align="center"><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/B1a.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /></td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Cathegory</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=B_Agriculture" >B - Agriculture</a></td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">B1a</td><br />
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<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 80%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
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<td><a href="/index.php?title=LARGE_TERRACING_SYSTEMS_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #FAE7B4; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=LARGE_TERRACING_SYSTEMS_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE">Other Local applications of the technique</a></td><br />
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<td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td><br />
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<td> <div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C3</div><a href="/index.php/GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_CHANNELING_AND_CONCENTRATION_OF_RAIN_ALONG_THE_SLOPES"> <img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/C3.jpg" width="100" height="100" />CHANNELING AND CONCENTRATION OF RAIN ALONG THE SLOPES </a></div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B9a</div><a href="/index.php/GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_DEVICES_FOR_THE_CREATION_OF_HUMUS"> <img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/B9a.jpg" width="100" height="100" />DEVICES FOR THE CREATION OF HUMUS </a></div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">G9</div><a href="/index.php/GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_FORMS_OF_SOCIAL_SOLIDARITY"> <img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/G9.jpg" width="100" height="100" />FORMS OF SOCIAL SOLIDARITY </a></div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C10</div><a href="/index.php/GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_HYDROGENESIS_AND_HIDDEN_PRECAPTATION"> <img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/C10.jpg" width="100" height="100" />HYDROGENESIS AND HIDDEN PRECAPTATION </a></div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">G8</div><a href="/index.php/GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_KNOWLEDGE_PASSED_ON_DOWN_THE_GENERATIONS"> <img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/G8.jpg" width="100" height="100" />KNOWLEDGE PASSED ON DOWN THE GENERATIONS </a></div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">D4</div><a href="/index.php/GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_LAND_FIXED_BY_FARMING"> <img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/D4.jpg" width="100" height="100" />LAND FIXED BY FARMING </a></div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">D10</div><a href="/index.php/GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_SYSTEM_OF_SOIL_PROTECTION_WATER_HARVESTING_AND_PROTECTION_AGAINST_THE_WIND"> <img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/D10.jpg" width="100" height="100" />SYSTEM OF SOIL PROTECTION, WATER HARVESTING AND PROTECTION AGAINST THE WIND </a></div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B1b</div><a href="/index.php/GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_TERRACED_AND_FORTIFIED_OLIVE_GROVES"> <img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/B1b.jpg" width="100" height="100" />TERRACED AND FORTIFIED OLIVE GROVES </a></div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">B6c</div><a href="/index.php/GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_TERRACED_GARDENS"> <img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/B6c.jpg" width="100" height="100" />TERRACED GARDENS </a></div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C14</div><a href="/index.php/GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_WATER_MANAGEMENT_ON_TERRACED_FIELDS"> <img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/C14.jpg" width="100" height="100" />WATER MANAGEMENT ON TERRACED FIELDS </a></div> </td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top; width:40%">Author:</td><br />
<td><br />
<table><br />
<tr><td>IPOGEA, www.ipogea.org</td></tr><br />
</table><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Other authors:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
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<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Reference:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
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<td><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/ITKI.jpg" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="ITKI" /><img src="/initcp/img/logo.png" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="TKWB" /><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/sitti.jpg" height="60" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="SITTI" /></td><br />
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</html></div>
Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_SYSTEM_OF_WATER_CONTROL&diff=10380
GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE SYSTEM OF WATER CONTROL
2023-06-15T10:12:22Z
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<!-- <h1 style="font-size: 16px; color: #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 0; font-weight: bold">SYSTEM OF WATER CONTROL </h1>--><br />
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<td><font style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 24px; padding: 10px;">GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE</font></td><br />
<!-- <td align="center" ><font style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 36px; padding: 10px;">TKWB</font></td>--><br />
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<td><font style="font-size: 16px;">Technique: </font></td><br />
<td style="padding-left:10px;"><font style="font-size: 20px; padding-left:10px; font-weight: normal;">SYSTEM OF WATER CONTROL </font></td><br />
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<!--<br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Definition characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<p>Description for&nbsp;SYSTEM OF WATER CONTROL&nbsp;</p><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">General characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Advantages and sustainability</h2><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Images</h2><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Deepening</h2><br />
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</td><br />
<td align="center" valign="top"><h3>TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE DATA</h3><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 90%; text-align: center;"><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Technique</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">SYSTEM OF WATER CONTROL </td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Icon</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;" align="center"><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/B10d.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /></td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Cathegory</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=B_Agriculture">B - Agriculture</a></td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">B10d</td><br />
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<td><a href="/index.php?title=SYSTEM_OF_WATER_CONTROL_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #FAE7B4; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=SYSTEM_OF_WATER_CONTROL_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE">Local applications of the technique</a></td><br />
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<tr><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=SYSTEM_OF_WATER_CONTROL_SUCCESS_STORY"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #D9D3EB; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=SYSTEM_OF_WATER_CONTROL_SUCCESS_STORY">Success stories</a></td><br />
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<td><a href="/index.php?title=SYSTEM_OF_WATER_CONTROL_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #F7DCE5; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=SYSTEM_OF_WATER_CONTROL_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS">Innovative technologies and solutions</a></td><br />
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<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
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<td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td><br />
</tr><br />
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<td> </td><br />
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<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
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<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top; width:40%">Author:</td><br />
<td><br />
<table><br />
<tr><td></td></tr><br />
</table><br />
</td> <br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Other authors:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Reference:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px; background-color: #DBB497; text-align: center;" height="100"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/ITKI.jpg" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="ITKI" /><img src="/initcp/img/logo.png" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="TKWB" /><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/sitti.jpg" height="60" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="SITTI" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
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</table><br />
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Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_MAZE_LIKE_TRAPS_4&diff=10379
LOCAL APPLICATION OF THE TECHNIQUE MAZE LIKE TRAPS 4
2023-06-15T10:12:22Z
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<!-- <h1 style="font-size: 16px; color: #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 0; font-weight: bold">MAZE-LIKE TRAPS - Mount William</h1>--><br />
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<td><font style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 24px; padding: 10px;">LOCAL APPLICATION OF THE TECHNIQUE</font></td><br />
<!-- <td align="center"><font style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 36px; padding: 10px;">TKWB</font></td>--><br />
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<td><font style="font-size: 16px; padding-left: 8px;">Technique:</font></td><br />
<td style="padding-left:10px;"><font style="font-size: 20px;">MAZE-LIKE TRAPS</font></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="vertical-align:text-top"><br />
<td><font style="font-size: 16px; ">Local name:</font></td><br />
<td style="padding-left:10px;"><font style="font-size: 20px;">Mount William</font></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="vertical-align:text-top"><br />
<td><font style="font-size: 16px; padding-left: 54px;">Site:</font></td><br />
<td style="padding-left:10px;"><font style="font-size: 20px;">Mount William</font></td><br />
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</table><br />
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</td><br />
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<!-- PME init --><br />
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<!-- <a href="http://web.itkius.org/carrara"><img src="https://tkwb.org/img_pod/pod-icon.jpg" width="70px" /> POD website</a><br /><br /><br />
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<!-- PME end --><br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Location</h2><br />
<table width="100%" style="background-color: #FFFFFF; "><br />
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<td width="196"><img onclick="window.open('http://web.tkwb.org/tkwb/public/getMap?latitude=-37.29&longitude=142.60&technique=A8.jpg')" style=" cursor: pointer; height: 174px;" src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/earth.jpg" ><br />
<p align="center">Click the globe to see the techinique on Google Map</p><br />
</td><br />
<td><b>Continent:</b> Australia<br />
<br><br />
<b>Country:</b> Victoria, West Australia <br />
<br><br />
<b>Site:</b> Mount William <br />
<br><br />
<b>Coordinates:</b><br />
<br>Lat: <br />
-37.29<br />
<br>Long: <br />
142.60</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Description of the local variant of the technique</h2><br />
<p style="text-align: justify;">This Australian region with a temperate climate is characterized by humid winters and hot seasons. The strong climatic variations limit the sustenance capacity of the populations that have flooded lands in the humid periods and completely dry lands in the arid ones. In general the human groups react to this situation with seasonal mobility and by practicing according to the conditions, fishing, hunting, and gathering. The aboriginals of Victoria create a system of hydro modification and control on a territorial scale comparable with the formations of Neolithic sedentary (Lourandos, 1980).&nbsp;<span style="font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.6em;">The point of contact with the slope of the mountains and the beginning of the flood area, an area of about 6 acres, is crossed by a complex network of channels and dykes. The immense work was done by hunter-gatherers using only shovels, until the end of the capturing of eels, an important source of sustenance.&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.6em;">The work is constituted by a system of composite formed by adductive channels that bring water from the mountains; drainage channels that regulate the level of some humid zones; an immense network of channels tangled together to form a labyrinth interpreted like a trap for the eels.&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.6em;">The works were probably done due to the pressure exerted by the environment that met a continuous worsening of the availability of water around 300 years ago, until the establishment of the actual arid period. Therefore it is possible that the progressive disappearance of the lacustrine resource pushed groups, which had reached a consistent demographic dimension thanks to their spontaneous use of the water, to the organization and maintenance of the system of swamps through the dykes, the diversions and the labyrinth of water.&nbsp;</span></p><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Survival prospects</h2><br />
<p>Dead Technique&nbsp;</p><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Images</h2><br />
<p><img alt="" src="https://tkwb.org/libs/kcfinder/upload/images/a802image1.png" style="width: 569px; height: 549px;" /></p><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Deepening</h2><br />
<br />
<br/><br />
</div></td><br />
<td align="center" valign="top"><h3>TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE DATA</h3><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 90%; text-align: center;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Technique</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_MAZE_LIKE_TRAPS">MAZE-LIKE TRAPS</a></td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Icon</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;" align="center"><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/A8.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /></td><br />
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<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Cathegory</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=A_Silviculture_breeding_hunting_and_harvesting" >A - Silviculture, breeding, hunting and harvesting</a></td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">A8</td><br />
</tr><br />
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<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 80%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=MAZE_LIKE_TRAPS_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #FAE7B4; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=MAZE_LIKE_TRAPS_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE">Other Local applications of the technique</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td> </td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top; width:40%">Author:</td><br />
<td><br />
<table><br />
<tr><td>www.ipogea.org</td></tr><br />
</table><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Other authors:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Reference:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px; background-color: #FAE7B4; text-align: center;" height="100"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/ITKI.jpg" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="ITKI" /><img src="/initcp/img/logo.png" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="TKWB" /><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/sitti.jpg" height="60" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="SITTI" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
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http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=F_Energy_and_resources_management&diff=10378
F Energy and resources management
2023-06-15T10:12:22Z
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<div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_CONSERVATION_AND_TRANSPORT_OF_FIRE" class="tkwb-enable-link" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">F1</div><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/F1.jpg" width="100" height="100" />CONSERVATION AND TRANSPORT OF FIRE</div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_CHANNELS_AND_DEVICES_FOR_CLIMATE_CONTROL" class="tkwb-enable-link" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">F2</div><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/F2.jpg" width="100" height="100" />CHANNELS AND DEVICES FOR CLIMATE CONTROL</div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_USE_OF_RESIDUES_TO_FEED_ANIMALS" class="tkwb-enable-link" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">F3</div><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/F3.jpg" width="100" height="100" />USE OF RESIDUES TO FEED ANIMALS</div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_TECHNIQUES_OF_FOOD_CONSERVATION_AND_STORAGE" class="tkwb-enable-link" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">F4</div><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/F4.jpg" width="100" height="100" />TECHNIQUES OF FOOD CONSERVATION AND STORAGE </div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_ARCHITECTURE_FOR_PROTECTING_FROM_EXTREME_CLIMATES" class="tkwb-enable-link" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">F5</div><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/F5.jpg" width="100" height="100" />ARCHITECTURE FOR PROTECTING FROM EXTREME CLIMATES</div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_IGLOO" class="tkwb-enable-link" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">F5a</div><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/F5a.jpg" width="100" height="100" />IGLOO</div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_SUNKEN_CONSTRUCTION" class="tkwb-enable-link" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">F5b</div><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/F5b.jpg" width="100" height="100" />SUNKEN CONSTRUCTION</div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_COVERED_PASSAGES_AND_LIMITATION_OF_EXPOSURE" class="tkwb-enable-link" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">F5c</div><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/F5c.jpg" width="100" height="100" />COVERED PASSAGES AND LIMITATION OF EXPOSURE</div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_ARCHITECTURE_FOR_MANAGING_ENERGY_AND_RESOURCES" class="tkwb-enable-link" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">F6</div><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/F6.jpg" width="100" height="100" />ARCHITECTURE FOR MANAGING ENERGY AND RESOURCES</div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_WATER_CATCHMENT_FROM_COVERING" class="tkwb-enable-link" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">F6a</div><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/F6a.jpg" width="100" height="100" />WATER CATCHMENT FROM COVERING</div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_CONTROL_OF_EXPOSURE_TO_THE_SUN" class="tkwb-enable-link" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">F6b</div><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/F6b.jpg" width="100" height="100" />CONTROL OF EXPOSURE TO THE SUN</div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_SYSTEMS_OF_HOUSEHOLD_WASTE_MANAGEMENT" class="tkwb-enable-link" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">F6c</div><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/F6c.jpg" width="100" height="100" />SYSTEMS OF HOUSEHOLD WASTE MANAGEMENT</div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_NOMADISM_INSIDE_THE_HOUSE" class="tkwb-enable-link" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">F6d</div><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/F6d.jpg" width="100" height="100" />NOMADISM INSIDE THE HOUSE</div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_LOCAL_TECHNIQUE_ISOLATION" class="tkwb-enable-link" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">F6e</div><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/F6e.jpg" width="100" height="100" />LOCAL TECHNIQUE ISOLATION</div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_ARCHITECTURE_FOR_PASSIVE_COOLING" class="tkwb-enable-link" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">F6f</div><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/F6f.jpg" width="100" height="100" />ARCHITECTURE FOR PASSIVE COOLING</div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_URBAN_LAYOUT_FOR_RESOURCES_MANAGEMENT" class="tkwb-enable-link" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">F7</div><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/F7.jpg" width="100" height="100" />URBAN LAYOUT FOR RESOURCES MANAGEMENT</div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_URBAN_LAYOUT_FOR_MICROCLIMATE_CONTROL" class="tkwb-enable-link" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">F7a</div><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/F7a.jpg" width="100" height="100" />URBAN LAYOUT FOR MICROCLIMATE CONTROL</div><div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; border: 1px solid #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" data-obj-link="GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_URBANLAYOUT_FOR_WATER_MANAGEMENT" class="tkwb-enable-link" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">F7b</div><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/F7b.jpg" width="100" height="100" />URBANLAYOUT FOR WATER MANAGEMENT</div></div>
Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_DOMESTICATION_AND_DISSEMINATION_OF_MAIN_PLANTS_27&diff=10377
LOCAL APPLICATION OF THE TECHNIQUE DOMESTICATION AND DISSEMINATION OF MAIN PLANTS 27
2023-06-15T10:12:22Z
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<!-- <h1 style="font-size: 16px; color: #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 0; font-weight: bold">DOMESTICATION AND DISSEMINATION OF MAIN PLANTS - Province of Loja, ECUADOR </h1>--><br />
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<td><font style="font-size: 16px; padding-left: 8px;">Technique:</font></td><br />
<td style="padding-left:10px;"><font style="font-size: 20px;">DOMESTICATION AND DISSEMINATION OF MAIN PLANTS</font></td><br />
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<td><font style="font-size: 16px; ">Local name:</font></td><br />
<td style="padding-left:10px;"><font style="font-size: 20px;">Nopal and Cochenilles Cultivation </font></td><br />
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<td><font style="font-size: 16px; padding-left: 54px;">Site:</font></td><br />
<td style="padding-left:10px;"><font style="font-size: 20px;">Province of Loja, ECUADOR </font></td><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Location</h2><br />
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<td><b>Continent:</b> South America <br />
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<b>Country:</b> Ecuador<br />
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<b>Site:</b> Province of Loja<br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Description of the local variant of the technique</h2><br />
<p style="text-align: justify;">The province of Loja is located in southern Ecuador, in the regions bordering&nbsp;with Peru. It is characterized by a mountainous morphology, with steep hills&nbsp;and little land suitable for agriculture. The process of desertification is vividly&nbsp;present here. Almost 80% of the province of Loja is affected by, the vegetation is degraded&nbsp;and the number of animals decreases. The inhabitants say that their&nbsp;productivity has a tendency to decrease and droughts have increased from&nbsp;year to year.&nbsp;Reintroducing the cultivation of nopal, combined with cochineal farming , the National University of Loja&nbsp;has chosen an interesting way for meeting the needs&nbsp;of the population in the dry season, combat erosion of mountain soils and&nbsp;protect crops, through the building plant barriers.&nbsp;In the province of Loja the only soils apt for cultivation are found in Andes&nbsp;valleys where elevation varies from 140m in the south to 4.000 m in the north.&nbsp;The climate also varies greatly, temperatures span from zero to 22&deg;C, and the&nbsp;greater part of the province enjoys a truly tropical climate. The soils of this&nbsp;province may be described as very poor, thin and highly stony. Soils subject to&nbsp;agriculture have little fertility and are dry, they are often the result&nbsp;deforestation and this makes them highly vulnerable since deprived of thenatural vegetation which would protect them from erosion and replenish them&nbsp;with organic materials.&nbsp;The occupation of the lands of the Loja province starter with the arrival of the&nbsp;Spaniards in 1750. They&nbsp;settled in the area and exploited its natural resources&nbsp;in a haphazard fashion. The indigenous population passed on their knowledge&nbsp;concerning the therapeutic virtues of the cinchona tree bark (Sinchona&nbsp;officiales) to them. This tree, native of the region, contains quinine, which up to&nbsp;the 20 century remained the most effective remedy for malaria. The&nbsp;development of cinchona for the extraction of this substance has dramatically&nbsp;contributed to the deforestation of the vast Loja province territory, and in&nbsp;particular of the forests between 1 550 and 2 900 m of altitude. The quinquina&nbsp;produced in Loya was exported all over the world.&nbsp;Between 1755 and 1758 the customs registered exports of 717 156 kg of&nbsp;quinine, therefore, calculating that 15 trees are necessary for producing 12 kg&nbsp;of quintina, we can estimate that around 900 000 trees were felled within three&nbsp;years in this region.&nbsp;All this has amounted to an ecological disaster after the introduction of the goat&nbsp;in the already fragile ecosystem. In the 19th century the introduction of cows,&nbsp;sheep and horses along with the development of agriculture in the mountains,&nbsp;contributed to the acceleration the depletion of residual forests. The land was&nbsp;turned into pasture and fields. In the majority of cases, Spanish colonists have&nbsp;employed techniques&nbsp;without taking into the environmental character of the&nbsp;region.&nbsp;Ploughing too has seriously contributed to the erosion of soils: In fact, colonists&nbsp;had imported this European agricultural technique without realizing that it&nbsp;contributed to the erosion of slopes in the province. The terracing system of&nbsp;cultivation and other inventions adopted by pre-Columbian communities were&nbsp;completely ignored. Slope cultivation was practiced for the lack of level lands&nbsp;without measures&nbsp;against the risk of erosion and for making irrigation possible in these soils with a peculiar topography. Techniques of&nbsp;clearing and stubble-burning (or slash and burning) have played their role in&nbsp;accelerating the destruction of ecosystems, soil, forests, waters&nbsp;and wildlife. The inhabitants of the Loja province have inherited these&nbsp;damaging practices for the local ecological conditions.&nbsp;The results could not be more devastating: the deterioration of soils, the&nbsp;acceleration of erosion and the reduced fertility are responsible for a consistent&nbsp;decrease in agricultural produce for several decades. The economic situation of&nbsp;families deteriorates.&nbsp;To add to human intervention, long lasting draughts periodically afflict these&nbsp;regions, forcing the rural population to migrate to the cities in ever growing&nbsp;numbers. During the first half of the 1990s, of 400.000 inhabitants of this&nbsp;region, 160.000 have left. The agrarian reform of 1964 too has not had the&nbsp;expected effects. The inhabitants have in fact being given poor quality land on&nbsp;the most difficult slopes, without any possibility for irrigation. Their tendency&nbsp;towards an over exploitation of the poorest soils, utilizing inadequate&nbsp;technologies is understandable.&nbsp;According to the official census of 1990, 78% of farmers live in poverty and&nbsp;have no alternatives. During the early months of the year, taking advantage of&nbsp;the scarce rainfalls, the inhabitants of the area cultivate plants with a short&nbsp;growing period, such as maize, sweet potato, peanuts and beans. Despite of such environmental difficulties and the devastating influence of&nbsp;colonial techniques, the communities of the Loja province have preserved some&nbsp;pre-Columbian techniques and some empirical knowledge of local flora and&nbsp;fauna. These continue to be much appreciated by farmers, the elderly in&nbsp;particular, who understand the advantages which may be has during draughts.&nbsp;So, the cultivation of nopal (Opuntia ficus-indica), also called prickly pear,&nbsp;whose leaves and fruit have been appreciated for centuries by the Indians, has&nbsp;survived to this day. This cactus presents many advantages: the fruit are delicious the leaves are&nbsp;ideal for salads or as animal fodder. Furthermore, its cultivation enables to harvest cochineal&nbsp;(Dactilopius coccus), small insects which feed on the leaves. Cochineal is traditionally used by&nbsp;the locals for the production of dyes. These insects, wrapped up in a cotton wool cocoon, are&nbsp;full of a carmine red liquid. After harvesting the insect on nopal leaves, cochineals are dried up&nbsp;for the purpose of extracting the pigment for the production of dye for garments, ceramics and&nbsp;ceremonial ornaments. <span style="font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.6em;">Before such a degraded social, economic, environmental situation, the National University of&nbsp;Loja has planned fight against desertification and a recovery of traditional knowledge. The idea&nbsp;behind this project is to rely on the cultivation of nopal and the exploitation of cochineal to&nbsp;enable the inhabitants to make a living out of these products and at the same time combat&nbsp;desertification. To do this, nopal, associated with local vegetation resistant to aridity, is&nbsp;cultivated as a barrier. These plants growing along the edges of the small terraces which follow&nbsp;the contour lines, stabilize slopes and protect cultivations from the action of wind and erosion.&nbsp;Thus nopal barriers have been planted on an area of two hectares, near the road connecting&nbsp;Malacatos and Vilcabamba, where 1.800 farmers live. The project has therefore been developed&nbsp;with: an initial selection of nopal varieties suited to the ecosystem, characterized by an&nbsp;abundance of fruit and leaves and greatly attractive to cochineal; the construction of small&nbsp;terraces, (from 0.8 to 1 m wide); the excavation of small irrigation canals which follow the&nbsp;contour lines. During the implementation of this project, the University of Loja has endeavoured to involve the population and local organizations (schools, ONGs, the Church).</span></p><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Survival prospects</h2><br />
<p>Technique still in use.&nbsp;</p><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Images</h2><br />
<p><img alt="" src="https://tkwb.org/libs/kcfinder/upload/images/ecuador_1.jpg" style="width: 600px; height: 412px;" /></p><br />
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<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Deepening</h2><br />
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<td align="center" valign="top"><h3>TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE DATA</h3><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_DOMESTICATION_AND_DISSEMINATION_OF_MAIN_PLANTS">DOMESTICATION AND DISSEMINATION OF MAIN PLANTS</a></td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=B_Agriculture" >B - Agriculture</a></td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td><br />
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<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">B7</td><br />
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<td><a href="/index.php?title=DOMESTICATION_AND_DISSEMINATION_OF_MAIN_PLANTS_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #FAE7B4; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
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</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=DOMESTICATION_AND_DISSEMINATION_OF_MAIN_PLANTS_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE">Other Local applications of the technique</a></td><br />
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<td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td><br />
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<td> <div style="width: 110px; height: 182px; font-size: 11px; text-align: center; float:left; line-height: 1; cursor: pointer;" ><div style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: left; margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 2px; width: 35px; padding-left: 1px;">C14</div><a href="/index.php/GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_WATER_MANAGEMENT_ON_TERRACED_FIELDS"> <img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/C14.jpg" width="100" height="100" />WATER MANAGEMENT ON TERRACED FIELDS </a></div> </td><br />
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</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Other authors:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Reference:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px; background-color: #FAE7B4; text-align: center;" height="100"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/ITKI.jpg" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="ITKI" /><img src="/initcp/img/logo.png" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="TKWB" /><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/sitti.jpg" height="60" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="SITTI" /></td><br />
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</table></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
</html></div>
Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_COVERED_PASSAGES_AND_LIMITATION_OF_EXPOSURE&diff=10376
GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE COVERED PASSAGES AND LIMITATION OF EXPOSURE
2023-06-15T10:12:21Z
<p>Admintkwb: Text replacement - "http://tkwb.org" to "https://tkwb.org"</p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:<span style="display:none">{{FULLPAGENAME}}</span>}}<br />
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><br />
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<!-- <h1 style="font-size: 16px; color: #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 0; font-weight: bold">COVERED PASSAGES AND LIMITATION OF EXPOSURE</h1>--><br />
<table width="100%" style="background-color: #DBB497" border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><font style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 24px; padding: 10px;">GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE</font></td><br />
<!-- <td align="center" ><font style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 36px; padding: 10px;">TKWB</font></td>--><br />
</tr><br />
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<img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/F5c.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /><br />
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<div style="padding: 25px; "><br />
<table style="cell-padding:10px;"><br />
<tr style="vertical-align:text-top"><br />
<td><font style="font-size: 16px;">Technique: </font></td><br />
<td style="padding-left:10px;"><font style="font-size: 20px; padding-left:10px; font-weight: normal;">COVERED PASSAGES AND LIMITATION OF EXPOSURE</font></td><br />
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</table><br />
</div><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table> <br />
</div><br />
<!--<br />
<h2>TK Links</h2><br />
<br />
--><br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Definition characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<p>Description of&nbsp;COVERED PASSAGES AND LIMITATION OF EXPOSURE</p><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">General characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Advantages and sustainability</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Images</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Deepening</h2><br />
<br />
</div><br />
</td><br />
<td align="center" valign="top"><h3>TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE DATA</h3><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 90%; text-align: center;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Technique</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">COVERED PASSAGES AND LIMITATION OF EXPOSURE</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Icon</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 120px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;" align="center"><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/F5c.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Cathegory</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=F_Energy_and_resources_management">F - Energy and resources management</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">F5c</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 80%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=COVERED_PASSAGES_AND_LIMITATION_OF_EXPOSURE_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #FAE7B4; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=COVERED_PASSAGES_AND_LIMITATION_OF_EXPOSURE_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE">Local applications of the technique</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=COVERED_PASSAGES_AND_LIMITATION_OF_EXPOSURE_SUCCESS_STORY"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #D9D3EB; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=COVERED_PASSAGES_AND_LIMITATION_OF_EXPOSURE_SUCCESS_STORY">Success stories</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=COVERED_PASSAGES_AND_LIMITATION_OF_EXPOSURE_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #F7DCE5; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=COVERED_PASSAGES_AND_LIMITATION_OF_EXPOSURE_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS">Innovative technologies and solutions</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td> </td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top; width:40%">Author:</td><br />
<td><br />
<table><br />
<tr><td></td></tr><br />
</table><br />
</td> <br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Other authors:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Reference:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px; background-color: #DBB497; text-align: center;" height="100"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/ITKI.jpg" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="ITKI" /><img src="/initcp/img/logo.png" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="TKWB" /><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/sitti.jpg" height="60" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="SITTI" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
</html></div>
Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_LAND_FIXED_BY_FARMING&diff=10375
GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE LAND FIXED BY FARMING
2023-06-15T10:12:21Z
<p>Admintkwb: Text replacement - "http://tkwb.org" to "https://tkwb.org"</p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:<span style="display:none">{{FULLPAGENAME}}</span>}}<br />
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<!-- <h1 style="font-size: 16px; color: #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 0; font-weight: bold">LAND FIXED BY FARMING</h1>--><br />
<table width="100%" style="background-color: #DBB497" border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><font style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 24px; padding: 10px;">GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE</font></td><br />
<!-- <td align="center" ><font style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 36px; padding: 10px;">TKWB</font></td>--><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td colspan="2"><br />
<table width="100%" style="background-color: #FFFFFF; "><br />
<tr><br />
<td width="80%" style="border: 1px solid #000000; vertical-align: top;" align="left"><br />
<div style="margin: 20px;"><br />
<div style="border: 2px solid #000000; min-height: 81px; margin-bottom: 50px;"><br />
<table><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/D4.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<div style="padding: 25px; "><br />
<table style="cell-padding:10px;"><br />
<tr style="vertical-align:text-top"><br />
<td><font style="font-size: 16px;">Technique: </font></td><br />
<td style="padding-left:10px;"><font style="font-size: 20px; padding-left:10px; font-weight: normal;">LAND FIXED BY FARMING</font></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
</div><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table> <br />
</div><br />
<!--<br />
<h2>TK Links</h2><br />
<br />
--><br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Definition characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<p>Description for&nbsp;LAND FIXED BY FARMING</p><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">General characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Advantages and sustainability</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Images</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Deepening</h2><br />
<br />
</div><br />
</td><br />
<td align="center" valign="top"><h3>TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE DATA</h3><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 90%; text-align: center;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Technique</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">LAND FIXED BY FARMING</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Icon</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 120px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;" align="center"><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/D4.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Cathegory</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=D_Soil_and_environment_protection">D - Soil and environment protection</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">D4</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 80%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=LAND_FIXED_BY_FARMING_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #FAE7B4; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=LAND_FIXED_BY_FARMING_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE">Local applications of the technique</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=LAND_FIXED_BY_FARMING_SUCCESS_STORY"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #D9D3EB; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=LAND_FIXED_BY_FARMING_SUCCESS_STORY">Success stories</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=LAND_FIXED_BY_FARMING_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #F7DCE5; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=LAND_FIXED_BY_FARMING_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS">Innovative technologies and solutions</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td> </td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top; width:40%">Author:</td><br />
<td><br />
<table><br />
<tr><td></td></tr><br />
</table><br />
</td> <br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Other authors:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Reference:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px; background-color: #DBB497; text-align: center;" height="100"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/ITKI.jpg" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="ITKI" /><img src="/initcp/img/logo.png" height="60" style="padding-right: 10px; cursor: pointer;" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="TKWB" /><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/sitti.jpg" height="60" class="tkwb-enable-link" data-obj-link="SITTI" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
</html></div>
Admintkwb
http://tkwb.org/index.php?title=GENERAL_DEFINITION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE_WATER_MANAGEMENT_ON_TERRACED_FIELDS&diff=10374
GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE WATER MANAGEMENT ON TERRACED FIELDS
2023-06-15T10:12:21Z
<p>Admintkwb: Text replacement - "http://tkwb.org" to "https://tkwb.org"</p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:<span style="display:none">{{FULLPAGENAME}}</span>}}<br />
<html><br />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><br />
<br />
<!-- <h1 style="font-size: 16px; color: #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 0; font-weight: bold">WATER MANAGEMENT ON TERRACED FIELDS</h1>--><br />
<table width="100%" style="background-color: #DBB497" border="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td><font style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 24px; padding: 10px;">GENERAL DEFINITION OF THE TECHNIQUE</font></td><br />
<!-- <td align="center" ><font style="font-weight: normal; font-size: 36px; padding: 10px;">TKWB</font></td>--><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td colspan="2"><br />
<table width="100%" style="background-color: #FFFFFF; "><br />
<tr><br />
<td width="80%" style="border: 1px solid #000000; vertical-align: top;" align="left"><br />
<div style="margin: 20px;"><br />
<div style="border: 2px solid #000000; min-height: 81px; margin-bottom: 50px;"><br />
<table><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/C14.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<div style="padding: 25px; "><br />
<table style="cell-padding:10px;"><br />
<tr style="vertical-align:text-top"><br />
<td><font style="font-size: 16px;">Technique: </font></td><br />
<td style="padding-left:10px;"><font style="font-size: 20px; padding-left:10px; font-weight: normal;">WATER MANAGEMENT ON TERRACED FIELDS</font></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
</div><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table> <br />
</div><br />
<!--<br />
<h2>TK Links</h2><br />
<br />
--><br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Definition characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<p style="text-align: justify;">On the slopes, the water flow is intercepted by terraces made of either stone or with terrain modeling (Edge nature). Little channels and cisterns distribute and collect the water slide.</p><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">General characters description and diffusion</h2><br />
<p style="text-align: justify;">The organization of the slopes, to control water flows, is certified by the end of the prehistory of the areas before neolithization, as at Jericho, and pre-Columbian America. The technique is widespread in all Mediterranean areas in arid and semi-arid areas. In wetlands, terraced fields become functional flooded areas and types of cultivation like in the Asian rice fields.&nbsp;</p><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Advantages and sustainability</h2><br />
<p style="text-align: justify;">These types of construction distribute water and use the slopes and the organization of the structures themselves to control water flows. These make cultivation possible.&nbsp;</p><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Images</h2><br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin-top: 50px;">Deepening</h2><br />
<br />
</div><br />
</td><br />
<td align="center" valign="top"><h3>TRADITIONAL TECHNIQUE DATA</h3><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 90%; text-align: center;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Technique</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">WATER MANAGEMENT ON TERRACED FIELDS</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Icon</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 120px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;" align="center"><img src="https://tkwb.org/imgcategory/C14.jpg" style="padding: 10px; height: 120px;" /></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Cathegory</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;"><a href="/index.php?title=C_Water_management">C - Water management</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #999999; font-weight: bold;">Identification code</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr style="height: 60px;"><br />
<td style="background-color: #f9f9f9;">C14</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 80%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr style="height: 40px;"><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=WATER_MANAGEMENT_ON_TERRACED_FIELDS_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #FAE7B4; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=WATER_MANAGEMENT_ON_TERRACED_FIELDS_LOCAL_APPLICATION_OF_THE_TECHNIQUE">Local applications of the technique</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=WATER_MANAGEMENT_ON_TERRACED_FIELDS_SUCCESS_STORY"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #D9D3EB; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=WATER_MANAGEMENT_ON_TERRACED_FIELDS_SUCCESS_STORY">Success stories</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><a href="/index.php?title=WATER_MANAGEMENT_ON_TERRACED_FIELDS_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS"><div style="height: 30px; width: 30px; border: 1px solid #000000; background-color: #F7DCE5; float: left; margin-right: 5px;"><br />
<br />
</div></a><a href="/index.php?title=WATER_MANAGEMENT_ON_TERRACED_FIELDS_INNOVATIVE_TECHNOLOGIES_AND_SOLUTIONS">Innovative technologies and solutions</a></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><h3>RELATED TECHNIQUES</h3></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td> </td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px;"><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top; width:40%">Author:</td><br />
<td><br />
<table><br />
<tr><td>IPOGEA, www.ipogea.org</td></tr><br />
</table><br />
</td> <br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Other authors:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="font-weight: bold; vertical-align:top;">Reference:</td><br />
<td></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; margin-top: 20px; background-color: #DBB497; text-align: center;" height="100"><br />
<tr style="height: 100px;"><br />
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